Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of the REGARDS Study Participants
| Variable | Group 1 No AF, No Comorbidities n=7837 (27.7%) | Group 2 No AF, Has Comorbidities n=18 103 (64.1%) | Group 3 Has AF, No Comorbidities n=386 (1.4%) | Group 4 Has AF, Has Comorbidities n=1927 (6.8%) | P Valuea |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | 62.0±9.2 | 65.4±9.2 | 65.6±9.9 | 67.7±9.6 | <0.0001 |
| Men, % | 43.3 | 44.8 | 45.3 | 46.6 | 0.034 |
| CHA2DS2VAScb | 1.03±0.82 | 2.83±1.16 | 1.29±0.89 | 3.37±1.24 | <0.0001 |
| White race, % | 71.7 | 53.2 | 82.1 | 60.1 | <0.0001 |
| Education, % | <0.0001 | ||||
| <High school | 6.2 | 14.1 | 6.2 | 14.8 | |
| High school graduate | 22.2 | 27.1 | 26.2 | 27.4 | |
| Some college | 27.2 | 26.8 | 26.9 | 26.5 | |
| College graduate | 44.4 | 32.0 | 40.7 | 31.4 | |
| Income, % | <0.0001 | ||||
| <$20 000 | 10.7 | 19.6 | 13.0 | 23.4 | |
| $21 000 to $34 000 | 19.8 | 25.6 | 24.9 | 25.7 | |
| $35 000 to $74 000 | 33.7 | 29.0 | 28.2 | 26.9 | |
| ≥$75 000 | 24.0 | 13.6 | 20.0 | 10.8 | |
| Region, % | <0.0001 | ||||
| Stroke buckle | 20.3 | 21.1 | 22.0 | 23.0 | |
| Stroke belt | 33.3 | 35.2 | 31.6 | 35.5 | |
| Elsewhere | 46.4 | 43.8 | 46.4 | 41.5 | |
| Smoking status, % | <0.0001 | ||||
| Never | 50.4 | 44.4 | 43.6 | 40.9 | |
| Former | 35.9 | 40.9 | 44.2 | 45.6 | |
| Current | 13.7 | 14.7 | 12.2 | 13.5 | |
| Systolic BP, mm Hg | 118.5±11.2 | 131.1±16.9 | 118.3±10.8 | 129.7±17.5 | <0.0001 |
| Diastolic BP, mm Hg | 73.6±7.7 | 77.9±10.1 | 72.7±7.9 | 76.2±10.2 | <0.0001 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 27.1±5.0 | 30.3±6.4 | 26.9±4.9 | 30.1±6.6 | <0.0001 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 200.3±37.5 | 190.2±40.2 | 195.3±39.7 | 183.2±41.3 | <0.0001 |
| HDL cholesterol, mg/dL | 54.9±16.4 | 51.0±16.0 | 53.6±17.3 | 49.6±16.3 | <0.0001 |
| LDL cholesterol, mg/dL | 121.6±33.2 | 112.0±34.9 | 116.6±32.6 | 105.6±34.0 | <0.0001 |
| Triglycerides, mg/dL | 118.9±77.0 | 136.7±88.4 | 127.1±107.7 | 139.3±89.8 | <0.0001 |
| eGFR | 88.4±19.2 | 85.2±24.9 | 85.7±19.3 | 80.5±26.2 | <0.0001 |
| Aspirin use, % | 28.3 | 47.1 | 36.0 | 51.9 | <0.0001 |
| Warfarin use, % | 0.6 | 1.9 | 18.7 | 21.7 | <0.0001 |
Continuous variables are listed as mean±SD. Categorical variables are listed as proportion (percentage). Baseline characteristics of the 28 253 eligible participants from the REGARDS (Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke) study at baseline are provided. There were significant between‐group differences at baseline in all covariates assessed. AF indicates atrial fibrillation; BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HDL, high‐density lipoprotein; and LDL, low‐density lipoprotein.
a
P value as calculated by ANOVA for continuous and chi‐square for categorical variables.
b
Stroke risk score (see reference 6).