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. 2020 Feb 15;40(2):170–182. doi: 10.1177/0272989X20904360

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Influence diagram demonstrating how the health effects of a 1% change in health care expenditure for a single disease area are distributed by age, sex, and socioeconomic status. GBD, Global Burden of Disease; ICD, International Classification of Diseases; NHS, National Health Service; PBC, program budgeting category; QALY, quality-adjusted life-year.