Table 3.
Characteristics and clinical outcomes of patients treated with long-duration and short-duration antibiotic in the phase 1 study
| Characteristics and outcomes | Long-duration group (N = 110) | Short-duration group (N = 30) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | |||
| Age (years) | 66 (18–95) | 74 (28–97) | 0.064 |
| Sex | |||
| Male | 59 (53.6%) | 19 (63.3%) | 0.410 |
| Female | 51 (46.4%) | 11 (36.7%) | 0.410 |
| Charlson comorbidity index (score) | 6 (0–14) | 6 (0–14) | 0.383 |
| Underlying diseases | |||
| HIV infection | 1 (0.9%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1.000 |
| Cancer | 27 (24.5%) | 12 (40.0%) | 0.110 |
| Liver disease | 7 (6.4%) | 3 (10.0%) | 0.446 |
| Renal disease | 49 (44.5%) | 5 (16.7%) | 0.006a |
| COPD | 4 (3.6%) | 3 (10.0%) | 0.169 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 42 (38.2%) | 7 (23.3%) | 0.194 |
| Hematological disease | 9 (8.2%) | 3 (10.0%) | 0.720 |
| Cardiovascular disease | 23 (20.9%) | 5 (16.7%) | 0.798 |
| Trauma | 3 (2.7%) | 2 (6.7%) | 0.291 |
| Immunocompromised status | 22 (20.0%) | 10 (33.3%) | 0.143 |
| Microbial etiology | |||
| Monomicrobial | 106 (96.4%) | 27 (90.0%) | 0.169 |
| Polymicrobial | 4 (3.6%) | 3 (10.0%) | 0.169 |
| Origin of infection | |||
| Healthcare-associated | 31 (28.2%) | 0 (0.0%) | < 0.001a |
| Nosocomial | 79 (71.8%) | 30 (100.0%) | < 0.001a |
| ICU admission at onset of infection | 49 (44.5%) | 22 (73.3%) | 0.007a |
| Surgery at present admission | 57 (51.8%) | 19 (63.3%) | 0.305 |
| Type of catheter | |||
| Tunneled hemodialysis catheter | 31 (28.2%) | 1 (3.3%) | 0.003a |
| Short-term central venous catheter or arterial catheter | 58 (52.7%) | 23 (76.7%) | 0.022a |
| Long-term central venous catheter or port | 21 (19.1%) | 6 (20.0%) | 1.000 |
| Catheter management | |||
| Catheter retention | 9 (8.2%) | 2 (6.7%) | 1.000 |
| Catheter removal | 101 (91.8%) | 28 (93.3%) | 1.000 |
| Total duration of therapy (day) | 17 (14–39) | 10 (7–13) | < 0.001a |
| Duration of therapy after catheter removal (day) | 15 (1–28) | 8 (3–13) | < 0.001a |
| Outcome | |||
| Relapse | 7 (6.4%) | 2 (6.7%) | 1.000 |
| Deathb | 19 (17.3%) | 15 (50.0%) | 0.001a |
| Time to next antibiotic use (hour) | 233.3 (54.0–960.0) | 392.5 (102.0–504.0) | 0.268 |
| Indication of next antibiotic used | |||
| New infectious episode | 13 (11.8%) | 2 (6.7%) | 0.413 |
| Non-infectious episode | 1 (0.9%) | 1 (3.3%) | 0.384 |
| Relapse | 6 (5.5%) | 2 (6.7%) | 1.000 |
| Undetermined episode | 6 (5.5%) | 2 (6.7%) | 1.000 |
ap-value < 0.05
bEleven patients in the short-duration and 8 patients in the long-duration group died during treatment
Abbreviations: HIV human immunodeficiency virus, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, ICU intensive care unit
Data were presented as frequency (percent) except for age, Charlson comorbidity index, total duration of therapy, duration of therapy after catheter removal, and time to next antibiotic use, which were presented as median (minimum-maximum)