Table 5.
Association Between Frailty Status and Incident Comorbidity Risk: Results of a Logistic Regression Model Analysis With Generalized Estimating Equations
| Modela | OR (95% CI) of Frailty Phenotype Compared to Robust Phenotype | |
|---|---|---|
| Prefrail | Frail | |
| Model 1 | 1.60 (1.24–2.08) | 2.59 (1.62–4.13) |
| P = .003 | P < .001 | |
| Model 2 | 1.46 (1.12–1.92) | 2.24 (1.40–3.61) |
| P = .005 | P = .001 | |
| Model 3 | 1.38 (1.06–1.82) | 2.01 (1.24–3.26) |
| P = .019 | P = .005 | |
| Model 4 | 1.38 (1.05–1.82) | 2.03 (1.23–3.34) |
| P = .020 | P = .005 | |
| Model 5 | 1.34 (1.02–1.77) | 1.87 (1.13–3.10) |
| P = .036 | P = .015 |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio.
aModel 1: unadjusted; model 2: adjusted for age; model 3: further adjusted for human immunodeficiency virus; model 4: further adjusted for nonwhite ethnicity, education, risk group, and number of preexisting comorbidities; model 5: further adjusted for smoking behavior and alcohol use.