Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2020 Mar 11;222(6):948–956. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa099

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial reproduction and distribution of the work, in any medium, provided the original work is not altered or transformed in any way, and that the work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com

PMC Copyright notice

Figure 1. — Herd effects (HEs) induced by human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination. The first order HE from vaccinated girls to unvaccinated boys (girls-only vaccination), and from both vaccinated girls and boys to unvaccinated boys and girls (gender-neutral vaccination), as well as the second order HE effects from unvaccinated but herd-protected individuals are visualized (top panel). Herd effects take place towards younger HPV-vaccinated birth cohorts by increasing the number of vaccinated birth cohorts from HPV-infected ones (bottom panel). Herd effects between differentially protected parts of population are visualized (right panel).