Table 3:
Type of hematological relapses and subsequent neoplasms after BOS diagnosis according to prior exposure to azithromycin
| Azithromycin exposure | ||
|---|---|---|
| No n=89 | Yes n=227 | |
| Hematological relapses type after BOS, n (%) | 10 (11%) | 20 (9%) |
| Acute leukemia | ||
| Chronic myeloid leukemia | 3 | 5 |
| Lymphoid malignancies | 1 | 2 |
| Myelodysplastic disorders | 4 | 8 |
| Others | 2 | 5 |
| 0 | 0 | |
| Subsequent neoplasms*, n (%) | 8 (9%) | 35 (15%) 33 after azithromycin† |
| Types | ||
| Squamous cell carcinoma | 3 (37.5%) | 21 (60%) |
| Adenocarcinoma | 2 (25%) | 8 (22.9%) |
| Verrucous carcinoma | 1 (12.5%) | 0 |
| Carcinoma NOS | 0 (0%) | 2 (5.7%) |
| Bowen’s disease | 0 (0%) | 2 (5.7%) |
| Malignant melanoma | 0 (0%) | 2 (5.7%) |
| Lymphoma | 1 (12.5%) | 0 |
| Mast cell leukemia | 1 (12.5%) | 0 |
| Anatomic Site | ||
| Breast | 0 (0%) | 3 (10.7%) |
| Gut | 1 (16.7%) | 3 (10.7%) |
| Skin | 2 (33.3%) | 14 (50%)† |
| Oral cavity | 1 (16.7%) | 7 (20%) |
| Pancreas | 1 (16.7%) | 0 |
| Penis | 0 (0%) | 1 (3.6%)† |
| Prostate | 1 (16.7%) | 3 (10.7%) |
| Uterus | 0 (0%) | 2 (5.7%) |
| Blood | 1 (12.5%) | 0 (0%) |
| Lung | 1 (16.7%) | 1 (3.6%) |
| Brain | 0 (0%) | 1 (3.6%) |
*
Basal cell carcinomas excluded;
†
2 malignancies occurred after BOS but before azithromycin onset, including 1 malignant melanoma of the upper extremity and 1 squamous cell carcinoma of the penis. BOS: bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome; NOS: not other specified