Table 3.

Hepatic enzymes and renal function tests in patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis

	Normal reference level	At baseline	3 months	5–8 months	P value (baseline and 3 months)	P value (baseline and 5–8 months)
Hepatic enzymes
Alanine amino transferase,  IU/L	5.0–40.0	17.0 (12.0–23.5) (n=84)	12.0 (9.0–18.5) (n=77)	15.0 (10.0–22.3) (n=50)	0.004*	0.302*
Aspartate transaminase, IU/L	5.0–37.0	26.0 (18.0–38.0) (n=84)	27.0 (20.0–36.0) (n=77)	30.0 (21.0–42.0) (n=50)	0.516*	0.445*
Alkaline phosphatase, IU/L	65.0–305.0	180.0 (143.0–215.0) (n=83)	171.0 (136.0–212.0) (n=77)	179.5 (150.0–242.0) (n=47)	0.211*	0.488*
Bilirubin total, µmol/L	6.8–17.1	10.3 (8.6–11.9) (n=84)	10.3 (8.6–11.9) (n=77)	10.3 (8.6–11.9) (n=49)	0.694*	0.735*
Bilirubin conjugated, µmol/L	0.2–6.8	5.1 (3.4–5.1) (n=80)	5.1 (3.4–5.1) (n=74)	5.1 (3.4–5.1) (n=46)	0.868*	0.364*
Renal markers
Creatinine, µmol/L
Males n<124	53.0–123.8	70.7 (61.8–79.5) (n=86)	70.7 (61.8–79.5) (n=85)	79.6 (61.8–88.4) (n=82)	0.011†	0.005†
Females n<107	44.2–106.8
Potassium, mmol/L	3.5–5	4.1 (3.8–4.4) (n=86)	4.0 (3.8–4.4) (n=84)	4.2 (3.9–4.5) (n=85)	0.760†	0.324†
Sodium, mmol/L	135–146	143.0 (140.0–144.50) (n=85)	144.0 (141.0–145.0) (n=84)	144.0 (141.0–145.0) (n=85)	0.006*	0.130*
Urea, mmol/L	3.6–16.0	6.24 (5.4–8.2) (n=83)	7.49 (5.7–10.4) (n=85)	6.78 (5.7–9.3) (n=82)	0.005*	0.125*
Uric acid, mmol/L  M: n<0.42  F: n<0.35	0.20–0.41	0.41 (0.33–0.53) (n=78)	0.48 (0.41–0.59) (n=78)	0.51 (0.39–0.59) (n=80)	0.006†	0.011†

Data are presented as median (IQR) for all continuous variables. Renal function was defined based on creatinine level. Creatinine level=132–194 µmol/L was considered impaired and >203 µmol/L was considered severely impaired; hyponatraemia=serum sodium below 135 mmol/L, severe hyponatraemia was less than 115 mmol/L; hypokalaemia=potassium less than 3.5 mmol/L; hyperkalaemia=potassium levels higher than 6 mmol/L. Hyperuricaemia=levels above the upper limit of normal for both males and females.

*Paired t-test.

†Wilcoxon signed-rank test.