Table 1.
Demographic and baseline clinical characteristics
| Mavrilimumab group (n=13) | Control group (n=26) | p value* | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 57 (52–58) | 60 (53–67) | 0·19 | |
| Sex | .. | .. | 0·14 | |
| Male | 12 (92%) | 17 (65%) | .. | |
| Female | 1 (8%) | 9 (35%) | .. | |
| PaO2:FiO2 ratio, mm Hg | 196 (167–215) | 217 (138–258) | 0·43 | |
| PaO2:FiO2ratio | .. | .. | 0·48 | |
| PaO2:FiO2 200–300 mm Hg | 6 (46%) | 14 (54%) | ||
| PaO2:FiO2 100–199 mm Hg | 6 (46%) | 9 (35%) | .. | |
| PaO2:FiO2 <100 mm Hg | 1 (8%) | 3 (12%) | .. | |
| Respiratory support | .. | .. | 0·75 | |
| Low-flow oxygen† | 4 (31%) | 11 (42%) | .. | |
| High-flow oxygen‡ | 6 (46%) | 9 (35%) | .. | |
| Non-invasive ventilation with continuous positive airway pressure‡ | 3 (23%) | 6 (23%) | .. | |
| Patients with fever | 11 (85%) | 18 (69%) | 0·53 | |
| Fever duration, days | 11 (10–12) | 7 (4–10) | 0·0038 | |
| Duration of hospital stay before enrolment, days | 2 (1–2) | 1 (1–2) | 0·33 | |
| C-reactive protein, mg/L | 152 (100–177) | 123 (77–190) | 0·77 | |
| Lactate dehydrogenase, U/L | 420 (377–505) | 467 (354–522) | 0·72 | |
| Ferritin, μg/L | 2302 (1040–3217) | 1269 (854–3369) | 0·70 | |
| Interleukin-6, pg/L§ | 40 (28–60) | 47 (36–98) | 0·26 | |
| Lymphocyte count, cells per μL | 800 (700–1000) | 1050 (700–1300) | 0·16 | |
| Platelet count, cells per μL | 252 000 (190 000–285 000) | 222 500 (166 000–296 000) | 0·56 | |
Data are median (IQR) or n (%). PaO2:FiO2=partial pressure of oxygen:fraction of inspired oxygen.
Wilcoxon rank sum test was used for continuous variables. Fisher's exact test by doubling the one-sided p value was used for binary variables. Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test with 1 degree of freedom was used to test the PaO2:FiO2 ratio, which has three ordinal categories. Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test for testing general association was used to test respiratory function, which has three categories.
Corresponding to a score of four on the seven-point ordinal scale.
Corresponding to a score of five on the seven-point ordinal scale.
Baseline interleukin-6 concentrations were available for eight of 13 patients in the mavrilimumab group and 12 of 26 controls only.