Table 3.
Baseline characteristics of participants by quintiles of LDL-C in women
| Characteristics | Quintile 1 (n=1114) (≤91.24 mg/dL) |
Quintile 2 (n=1102) (91.24~109.41) |
Quintile 3 (n=1096) (109.41~126.03) |
Quintile 4 (n=1111) (126.03~147.68) |
Quintile 5 (n=1106) (>147.68) |
P value |
| Age-year | 56 (49~64) | 56 (49~64) | 57 (50~63) | 58 (52~65) | 59 (53~66) | <0.0001 |
| BMI-kg/m2 | 23.15 (20.90~25.76) | 23.30 (21.01~25.82) | 23.39 (21.10~26.02) | 23.63 (21.32~26.26) | 24.12 (21.57~26.83) | <0.0001 |
| SBP-mm Hg | 124.67 (112.00~141.00) | 125.67 (113.00~142.33) | 127.00 (114.67~143.00) | 127.67 (114.67~142.33) | 130.00 (117.00~146.00) | <0.0001 |
| DBP-mm Hg | 73.33 (65.67~81.67) | 74.33 (66.67~82.67) | 74.00 (67.33~82.67) | 74.67 (67.67~82.67) | 75.33 (67.67~83.33) | 0.0103 |
| Hand grip strength (kg) | 24.75 (19.80~30.00) | 25.00 (20.00~29.50) | 25.50 (20.55~30.00) | 24.95 (20.00~29.50) | 24.50 (20.25~29.50) | 0.3187 |
| Above-average household income-no (%) | 458 (48.21) | 482 (50.42) | 461 (48.99) | 497 (53.61) | 462 (50.44) | 0.1720 |
| Education level-no (%) | 0.4079 | |||||
| 1 | 1023 (91.83) | 1030 (93.47) | 1023 (93.34) | 1025 (92.26) | 1033 (93.40) | |
| 2 | 76 (6.82) | 67 (6.08) | 63 (5.75) | 76 (6.84) | 65 (5.88) | |
| 3 | 15 (1.35) | 5 (0.45) | 10 (0.91) | 10 (0.90) | 8 (0.72) | |
| ADL disability-no (%) | 216 (19.69) | 183 (16.90) | 188 (17.59) | 215 (19.58) | 209 (19.05) | 0.3416 |
| Living alone-no (%) | 155 (13.91) | 162 (14.70) | 143 (13.05) | 186 (16.74) | 186 (16.82) | 0.0429 |
| Rural residence-no (%) | 715 (64.18) | 695 (63.07) | 726 (66.24) | 706 (63.55) | 682 (61.66) | 0.2526 |
| Lifestyle-no (%) | ||||||
| Smoking ever | 71 (6.39) | 93 (8.49) | 78 (7.15) | 79 (7.14) | 99 (8.97) | 0.1294 |
| Drinking ever | 173 (15.61) | 160 (14.61) | 169 (15.50) | 165 (14.91) | 159 (14.40) | 0.9112 |
| Disease history-no (%) | ||||||
| Hypertension | 414 (41.69) | 440 (44.58) | 431 (44.21) | 451 (45.46) | 509 (50.70) | 0.0014 |
| HBS/diabetes | 310 (28.78) | 290 (27.46) | 280 (26.19) | 311 (28.88) | 373 (34.53) | 0.0003 |
| Cancer | 14 (1.27) | 15 (1.38) | 18 (1.66) | 14 (1.27) | 6 (0.54) | 0.1876 |
| Stroke | 31 (2.80) | 16 (1.47) | 27 (2.47) | 31 (2.81) | 31 (2.81) | 0.1906 |
| Heart disease | 144 (13.08) | 135 (12.41) | 140 (12.89) | 166 (15.09) | 153 (13.87) | 0.3873 |
| Lung disease | 110 (9.94) | 112 (10.29) | 103 (9.45) | 91 (8.27) | 92 (8.36) | 0.3566 |
| Arthritis | 454 (41.05) | 450 (41.21) | 421 (38.55) | 454 (41.05) | 464 (42.14) | 0.5189 |
| Liver disease | 53 (4.80) | 40 (3.69) | 25 (2.31) | 43 (3.91) | 27 (2.46) | 0.0060 |
| Kidney disease | 74 (6.71) | 62 (5.69) | 57 (5.24) | 66 (6.02) | 56 (5.09) | 0.4886 |
| Digestive disease | 279 (25.20) | 267 (24.45) | 269 (24.70) | 299 (27.13) | 279 (25.34) | 0.6323 |
| Asthma | 43 (3.89) | 43 (3.94) | 44 (4.03) | 39 (3.54) | 47 (4.26) | 0.9384 |
| Psychological problem | 16 (1.45) | 19 (1.74) | 23 (2.12) | 17 (1.54) | 19 (1.73) | 0.7943 |
| Memory problem | 18 (1.63) | 19 (1.74) | 11 (1.01) | 15 (1.36) | 23 (2.09) | 0.3245 |
| Laboratory measurements | ||||||
| Triglyceride-mg/dL | 110.63 (73.46~192.93) | 103.54 (74.34~153.99) | 107.97 (77.88~152.22) | 110.63 (82.31~151.34) | 125.23 (92.93~162.84) | <0.0001 |
| HDL cholesterol-mg/dL | 46.39 (35.57~57.60) | 50.64 (40.98~60.70) | 51.42 (42.53~60.70) | 51.80 (43.69~61.08) | 51.80 (44.46~60.31) | <0.0001 |
| Haemoglobin-(g/L) | 132 (121~143) | 133 (123~145) | 136 (126~147) | 137 (128~146) | 138 (128~148) | <0.0001 |
| LDL-C-mg/dL | 78.48 (68.04~85.83) |
100.90 (96.26~105.54) |
117.91 (113.66~121.78) |
135.70 (130.28~141.50) |
165.08 (155.03~179.00) |
<0.0001 |
ADL, activity of daily living; BMI, body mass index; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HBS, high blood sugar; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; SBP, systolic blood pressure.