Table 1. Obese ZSF1 male rats exhibited diastolic dysfunction and decreased exercise capacity.
| Biomarker | Physical parameters (mean ± SEM) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lean ZSF1 (n = 8) | Obese ZSF1 (n = 8) | ||
| Heart/brain weight (ratio) | 0.68 ± 0.03 | 0.81 ± 0.01 | 0.0070 |
| Heart rate (bpm) | 371.2 ± 9.5 | 292.8 ± 4.1 | <0.0001 |
| Diameter (s) (mm) | 3.59 ± 0.18 | 4.37 ± 0.34 | 0.053 |
| Diameter (d) (mm) | 8.0 ± 0.13 | 9.21 ± 0.28 | 0.0011 |
| Volume (s) (µL) | 56.07 ± 6.29 | 91.23 ± 14.71 | 0.0383 |
| Volume (d) (µL) | 345.8 ± 11.94 | 474.8 ± 29.16 | 0.0009 |
| Stroke volume (µL) | 289.7 ± 10.0 | 383.5 ± 18.65 | 0.0005 |
| Ejection fraction (%) | 83.93 ± 1.6 | 81.45 ± 2.32 | 0.3839 |
| Fractional shortening (%) | 50.03 ± 1.97 | 52.89 ± 2.56 | 0.4919 |
| Cardiac output (mL/min) | 107.4 ± 4.3 | 112 ± 5.1 | 0.4990 |
| LV mass (mg) | 1274 ± 124.2 | 1445 ± 41.1 | 0.2384 |
| LV mass cor (mg) | 1019 ± 99.4 | 1156 ± 32.9 | 0.2384 |
| IVRT (ms) | 20.12 ± 0.55 | 24.89 ± 0.67 | <0.0001 |
| EDP (mmHg) | 1.808 ± 1.116 | 3.445 ± 1.342 | 0.3669 |
| Tau (ms) | 6.83 ± 0.33 | 9.53 ± 46 | 0.0004 |
| E/E’ (ratio) | 16.25 ± 1.07 | 25.07 ± 2.65 | 0.0064 |
| Distance (m) | 394.9 ± 27.9 | 194.0 ± 6.5 | <0.0001 |
| Time to exhaustion (min) | 27.13 ± 1.34 | 17.75 ± 0.53 | <0.0001 |
| Peak VO2 (mg/kg/h) | 3541 ± 130 | 2927 ± 33.4 | 0.0004 |
| Respiratory exchange (ratio) | 0.993 ± 0.017 | 0.9583 ± 0.015 | 0.1452 |