Table 3. Ultrasound Evaluation of the ATBI, CE, LI, and Control Groups.
| Variables | ATBI | CE | LI | CONT |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CCA, number of plaques | 1.5 ± 1.5a, b, c | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 0.3 ± 1.0 | 0.2 ± 0.7 |
| CCA plaque thickness, mm | 2.2 ± 1.1 | - | 2.9 | 1.4, 2.0 |
| BIF, number of plaques | 2.1 ± 1.3a, b, c | 0.3 ± 1.0 | 0.7 ± 1.3 | 0.3 ± 1.0 |
| BIF plaque thickness, mm | 2.2 ± 1.1 | 2.9 | 2.2 ± 0.9 | 1.9, 2.2 |
| ICA, number of plaques | 1.7 ± 1.3a, b, c | 0.1± 0.5 | 0.5 ± 0.9 | 0.1 ± 0.5 |
| ICA plaque thickness, mm | 2.5 ± 1.1 | 2 | 2.2 ± 0.9 | 2.3 |
| Significant stenosis,% | 13.7a, b, c | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| PSV, cm/s | 62.2 ± 19.4 | 55.6 ± 10.1 | 69.8 ± 18.0 | 65.3 ± 19.6 |
| EDV, cm/s | 14.2 ± 5.3 | 13.2 ± 2.9 | 13.8 ± 3.5 | 16.5 ± 5.9 |
| Mean V, cm/s | 25.6 ± 7.2 | 23.9 ± 3.6 | 28.0 ± 6.3 | 30.4 ± 8.5 |
| PI | 2.4 ± 2.0 | 1.8 ± 0.4 | 2.0 ± 0.4 | 1.7 ± 0.7 |
| Mean IMT of CCA, mm | 0.9 ± 0.3 | 0.8 ± 0.1 | 0.8 ± 0.2 | 0.8 ± 0.2 |
| Plaque category | ||||
| Non-plaque, % | 5.9a, b, c | 86.7 | 62.5 | 89.5 |
| Soft, % | 17.6a, b, c | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Intermediate, % | 39.2a, b, c | 6.7 | 16.7 | 10.5 |
| Hard, % | 37.3a, b, c | 6.7 | 20.8 | 0 |
aP < 0.05, vs. CONT, bP < 0.05, vs. CE, cP < 0.05, vs. LI. ATBI: atherothrombotic infraction; CE: cardioembolic infarction; LI: lacuna infraction; CONT: control; CCA: common carotid artery; BIF: carotid bifurcation; ICA: internal carotid artery; EDV: end-diastolic velocity; PSV: peak systolic velocity; mean V: mean velocity; PI: pulsatility index; IMT: intra-media thickness.