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. 2020 Jul 27;117(32):19359–19366. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1921719117

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Copyright © 2020 the Author(s). Published by PNAS.

This open access article is distributed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND).

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Fig. 2. — DNA methylation enabled genome expansion via TEs in higher-order vertebrates. (A) Genome size (billion bp), % TE, % coding sequence (CDS), and CpG O/E ratio, shown on a taxonomy tree. (B) Total number of TE bases versus genome size. (C) CpG O/E ratio versus genome size. *Fish includes Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes), Chondrichthyes (cartilaginous fishes), and lamprey (a jawless fish) but not coelacanth. **Although part of Tetrapoda, birds (Aves) are colored separately. (D) Average methylation levels of gene exons and TEs in different organisms.