Table 1.

Measures of benefits and costs of family disclosure

Variables		No of Items	Sample items	Response options	Cronbach’s alpha
Benefits
Individual	Stress relief	4	Release inner pressure	4-point response option (‘strongly disagree’ to ‘strongly agree’)	0.78
	Social support	5	I will receive emotional support after disclosing HIV status.	4-point response option (‘strongly disagree’ to ‘strongly agree’)	0.90
Interpersonal	Benefits for others	3	To educate others and let them reduce the HIV high-risk behaviors.	4-point response option (‘strongly disagree’ to ‘strongly agree’)	0.62
Costs
Individual	Sigma and confidentiality breaching	4	Being harassed and threatened	4-point response option (‘strongly disagree’ to ‘strongly agree’)	0.74
Interpersonal	Family conflicts and concerns	4	My family will worry about me	4-point response option (‘strongly disagree’ to ‘strongly agree’)	0.57