Table 1.

Mosquito species listed for Germany by Dahl et al. (1999) and found within the scope of the presented monitoring programme (non-native species with single detections excluded)

Species	First documented on the territory of present-day Germany1	Found last in Germany (documented last2)	Found in this monitoring project			Considered established
			Adults		Immature stages
			Trap	Mueckenatlas
Ae. (Stegomyia) albopictus Skuse, 1895	2007 (Pluskota et al. 2008) (as Stegomyia albopicta)	2019 (this study)	+	+	+	+
Ae. (Ochlerotatus) annulipes Meigen, 1830	1898 (Mohrig 2000) (as Cx. annulipes)	2019 (this study)	+	+	+	+
Ae. (Ochlerotatus) cantans Meigen, 1818	1906 (Eysell 1907) (as Cx. cantans)	2019 (this study)	+	+	+	+
Ae. (Ochlerotatus) caspius Pallas, 1771	1928 (Peus 1929)	2019 (this study)	+	+	+	+
Ae. (Ochlerotatus) cataphylla Dyar, 1916	1920 (Martini 1920b) (as Ae. rostochiensis)	2019 (this study)	+	+	+	+
Ae. (Aedes) cinereus Meigen, 1818	1897 (Mohrig 2000)	2019 (this study)	+	+	+	+
Ae. (Ochlerotatus) communis de Geer, 1776	1896 (Mohrig 2000)	2018 (this study)	+	+	+	+
Ae. (Ochlerotatus) cyprius Ludlow, 1920	1900 (Edwards 1921) (as Ae. freyi)	1925 (Peus 1937b)	−	−	−	−3
Ae. (Ochlerotatus) detritus Haliday, 1833	1919 (Martini 1920b) (as Ae. salinus)	2019 (this study)	+	+	+	+
Ae. (Ochlerotatus) diantaeus Howard, Dyar & Knab, 1913	1893 (Mohrig 2000)	2017 (this study)	+	+	−	+
Ae. (Ochlerotatus) dorsalis Meigen, 1830	1914 (Martini 1920b)	2019 (this study)	+	+	+	+
Ae. (Ochlerotatus) excrucians Walker, 1856	1898 (Mohrig 2000)	2019 (this study)	+	+	+	+
Ae. (Ochlerotatus) flavescens Müller, 1764	1895 (Mohrig 2000)	2019 (this study)	+	+	+	+
Ae. (Aedes) geminus Peus 1970	1968 (Peus 1970)	2019 (this study)	+	+	+	+
Ae. (Dahliana) geniculatus Olivier, 1791	1898 (Mohrig 2000) (as Cx. ornatus)	2019 (this study)	+	+	+	+
Ae. (Ochlerotatus) intrudens Dyar, 1919	1928 (Peus 1929)	2018 (this study)	+	+	+	+
Ae. (Hulecyteomyia) japonicus Theobald, 1901	2008 (Schaffner et al. 2009)	2019 (Kampen et al. 2020)	+	+	+	+
Ae. (Hulecyteomyia) koreicus Edwards, 1917	2015 (Werner et al. 2016)	2019 (this study)	−	+	+	+
Ae. (Ochlerotatus) leucomelas Meigen, 1804	1896 (Mohrig 2000)	2019 (this study)	+	+	+	+
Ae. (Ochlerotatus) nigrinus Eckstein, 1918	1932 (Peus 1933)	1993 (Becker and Kaiser 1995)	−	−	−	?
Ae. (Ochlerotatus) pullatus Coquillett, 1904	1916 (Kühlhorn 1954)	2016 (this study)	+	+	+	+
Ae. (Ochlerotatus) punctor Kirby, 1837	1913 (Kühlhorn 1954)	2019 (this study)	+	+	+	+
Ae. (Rusticoidus) refiki Medschid, 1928	1897 (Vogel 1931)	2017 (Kuhlisch et al. 2017)	+	+	+	+
Ae. (Ochlerotatus) riparius Dyar & Knab, 1907	1919 (Martini 1920a) (as Ae. semicantans)	2019 (this study)	+	+	+	+
Ae. (Aedes) rossicus Dolbeskin, Gorickaja & Mitrofanova, 1930	1963 (Müller 1965)	2019 (this study)	+	+	+	+
Ae. (Ochlerotatus) rusticus Rossi, 1790	1914 (Martini 1920a) (as Ae. diversus)	2019 (this study)	+	+	+	+
Ae. (Ochlerotatus) sticticus Meigen, 1838	1901 (Mohrig 2000) (as Cx. sticticus)	2019 (this study)	+	+	+	+
Ae. (Aedimorphus) vexans Meigen, 1830	1900 (Mohrig 2000) (as Cx. vexans)	2019 (this study)	+	+	+	+
An. (Anopheles) algeriensis Theobald, 1903	1931 (Martini 1931)	2019 (this study)	+	+	−	+
An. (Anopheles) atroparvus van Thiel, 1927	1931 (Martini et al. 1931)	2016 (Kampen et al. 2016b)	+	+	+	+
An. (Anopheles) claviger Meigen, 1804	1911/12 (Schneider 1913) (as An. bifurcatus)	2019 (this study)	+	+	+	+
An. (Anopheles) daciae Linton, Nicolescu & Harbach, 2004	2007 (Weitzel et al. 2012)	2019 (this study)	+	+	+	+
An. (Anopheles) maculipennis Meigen, 1818	1931 (Martini et al. 1931)	2019 (this study)	+	+	+	+
An. (Anopheles) messeae Falleroni, 1926	1931 (Martini et al. 1931)	2019 (this study)	+	+	+	+
An. (Anopheles) petragnani del Vecchio, 1939	2015 (Becker et al. 2016, Kampen et al. 2017)	2019 (this study)	+	+	+	+
An. (Anopheles) plumbeus Stephens, 1828	1911 (Schneider 1913) (as An. nigripes)	2019 (this study)	+	+	+	+
Cq. (Coquillettidia) richiardii Ficalbi, 1889	1896 (Mohrig 2000)	2019 (this study)	+	+	+	+
Cx. (Culex) hortensis Ficalbi, 1889	1927 (Peus 1929)	2019 (this study)	+	+	+	+
Cx. (Culex) martinii Medschid, 1930	1935 (Peus 1950)	2017 (Kuhlisch et al. 2018b)	+	−	−	+
Cx. (Culex) modestus Ficalbi, 1890	1960/61 (Mohrig 1963)	2019 (Kampen et al. 2020)	+	+	+	+
Cx. (Culex) pipiens Linnaeus, 1758	1900 (Mohrig 2000)	2019 (Kampen et al. 2020)	+	+	+	+
Cx. (Culex) territans Walker, 1856	1911 (Schneider 1913)	2019 (this study)	+	+	+	+
Cx. (Culex) torrentium Martini, 1925	1924 (Martini 1924b)	2019 (Kampen et al. 2020)	+	+	+	+
Cs. (Culiseta) alaskaensis Ludlow, 1906	1897 (Mohrig 2000) (as Cx. annulatus)	2017 (this study)	+	+	+	+
Cs. (Culiseta) annulata Schrank, 1776	1896 (Mohrig 2000) (as Cx. annulatus)	2019 (this study)	+	+	+	+
Cs. (Culicella) fumipennis Stephens, 1825	1930 (Peus 1950)	2019 (this study)	+	?	?	+
Cs. (Culiseta) glaphyroptera Schiner, 1864	1923 (Martini 1924b)	2018 (this study)	+	+	+	+
Cs. (Allotheobaldia) longiareolata Macquart, 1838	2011 (Becker and Hoffmann 2011, Werner et al. 2012)	2019 (this study)	+	+	+	+
Cs. (Culicella) morsitans Theobald, 1901	1911 (Schneider 1913) (as Culicada morsitans)	2019 (this study)	+	+	+	+
Cs. (Culicella) ochroptera Peus 1935	1928 (Peus 1935) (as Theobaldia. glaphyroptera)	2017 (Kuhlisch et al. 2019)	+	+	+	+
Cs. (Culiseta) subochrea Edwards 1921	1914 (Martini 1924a) (as Th. annulata var. ferruginata)	1991 (Becker and Kaiser 1995)	?	?	?	+
Ur. (Pseudoficalbia) unguiculata Edwards, 1913	1994 (Becker and Kaiser 1995)	2019 (this study)	+	−	+	+
Total number of species	52		48 (49?)	46 (48?)	45 (47?)	50
			49 (50?)

+/–: included/not included in the collections; ?: reliable identification not possible due to high morphological similarity and CO1-DNA sequence homology with other species, lack of males and processing of adults only; ¹based on literature published from the year 1900 onwards; ²references provided only when most recent documentation occurred before most recent finding in the present monitoring programme; ³should not be considered belonging to the German mosquito fauna anymore