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. 2020 Aug 17;10:13902. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-70849-7

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Three-dimensional spatial imaging results. (a) Plot of cross-correlation intensity values at the origin with the variation in the axial location of the pinhole. Thick objects composed of (b) NBS (8 lp/mm) and USAF (Group 2, Element 2) resolution targets, (c) USAF resolution target (Group 2, Elements 3 and 4) and wing of an insect, (d) reflective metal strip. Images of the I_PSFs recorded for (e) u = 9.6 cm, (f) u = 9.8 cm, (g) u = 10 cm, and (h) u = 10.2 cm. (i) I_O for the thick object (b) with a thickness of 6 mm. (j–m) Depth channels extracted from (i) using the I_PSF library (e–h) respectively. (n) I_O recorded for the thick object (c) with a thickness of 4 mm. (o–r) Depth channels extracted from (n) using the I_PSF library (e–h) respectively. (s) I_O recorded for the thick object (d) with a thickness of 1 mm. (t–w) Depth channels extracted from (s) using the I_PSF library (e–h), respectively.