Table 4.
Initial laboratory results of patients with COVID-19.
| All patients (n = 218) | Asymptomatic cases (n = 24) | Mild cases (n = 10) | Moderate cases (n = 146) | Severe cases (n = 24) | Critical cases (n = 14) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hematologic | |||||||
| Leucocytes (×109/L; reference range 3.69–9.16) | 5.92 ± 3.23 | 6.22 ± 2.06 | 5.19 ± 1.40 | 5.72 ± 3.18 | 6.39 ± 3.89 | 7.24 ± 4.30 | 0.407 |
| Lymphocytes (×109/L; reference range 0.8–4.0) | 1.25 ± 0.61 | 1.68 ± 0.79d, e | 1.95 ± 0.67d, e | 1.26 ± 0.55d, e | 0.90 ± 0.40a, b, c | 0.76 ± 0.33a, b, c | 0.001* |
| Coagulation function | |||||||
| APTT (s; reference range 23.0–40.0) | 33.64 ± 13.51 | 36.49 ± 13.70e | 34.86 ± 7.76e | 31.64 ± 7.45e | 32.54 ± 4.70e | 50.37 ± 38.1a, b, c, d | 0.001* |
| D-dimer (μg/ml; reference range 0.0–0.7) | 0.45 ± 1.06 | 0.31 ± 0.18e | 0.212 ± 0.083e | 0.29 ± 0.22e | 0.76 ± 1.22e | 1.76 ± 3.34a, b, c, d | 0.000* |
| Biochemistry | |||||||
| Alanine aminotransferase (U/L; reference range 0–40.0) | 27.88 ± 21.62 | 23.54 ± 16.75 | 18.99 ± 6.92 | 27.62 ± 20.16 | 36.90 ± 34.88 | 24.76 ± 11.76 | 0.173 |
| Aspartate aminotransferase (U/L; reference range 0–40.0) | 27.75 ± 13.55 | 19.36 ± 7.77c, d, e | 22.80 ± 6.58d | 27.37 ± 13.11a, d | 34.08 ± 17.86a, b, c | 33.44 ± 11.23a | 0.004* |
| Serum creatinine (μmol/L; reference range 53.0–115·0) | 72.39 ± 56.64 | 65.81 ± 21.27 | 64.83 ± 10.07 | 67.47 ± 37.33 | 102.47 ± 137.40 | 84.66 ± 21.84 | 0.082 |
| Serum urea (mmol/L; reference range 2.86–7.14) | 4.21 ± 3.02 | 3.89 ± 1.39 | 3.79 ± 0.48 | 4.04 ± 3.40 | 4.95 ± 2.09 | 5.27 ± 1.75 | 0.440 |
| Lactate dehydrogenase (U/L; reference range 114.0–240.0) | 236.77 ± 216.84 | 167.47 ± 47.54e | 172.71 ± 41.18e | 212.07 ± 76.62e | 292.90 ± 85.76e | 510.06 ± 733.24a, b, c, d | 0.000* |
| C-reactive protein (mg/L; reference range 0–3.0) | 18.57 ± 33.82 | 1.64 ± 2.34d, e | 0.95 ± 0.73d, e | 13.46 ± 23.58d, e | 38.70 ± 51.53a, b, c, e | 66.01 ± 54.34a, b, c, d | 0.000* |
| Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (mm/h; reference range 0–20.0) | 41.09 ± 31.72 | 14.00 ± 19.76c, d, e | 14.60 ± 21.9d, e | 43.03 ± 30.24a | 50.56 ± 31.69a, b | 61.00 ± 37.98a, b | 0.000* |
| PaO2/FiO2 (mm Hg; reference range 400–500)† | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 176 ± 49 | ·· |
Data are n (%), n/N (%), mean (SD), and median (IQR).
*
ANOVA was used for group comparisons with LSD for post-hoc tests.
avs. Asymptomatic cases (p < 0.05), bvs. Mild cases (p < 0.05), cvs. Moderate cases (p < 0.05), dvs. Severe cases (p < 0.05), evs. Critical cases (p < 0.05).
†
We analyzed the data when patients were monitored in ICU.