Table 1.
Participants' characteristics.
| Exposed group | Non-exposed group | P | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Participants n = 100 | Participants n = 99 | ||
| Age, years | 58.0 (47.75, 61.0) | 61.0 (57.0, 63.0) | <0.0001 |
| Body weight, kg | 80.0 (75.0, 90.0) | 82.5 (75.0, 90.0) | 0.52 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 26.2 (24.5, 28.7) | 27.3 (24.9, 29.4) | 0.28 |
| BMI ≥30 kg/m2, n (%) | 22 (22%) | 23 (23.2%) | 0.84 |
| Cholesterol, mg/dL | 181.0 (160.8, 213.0) | 185.0 (158.5, 209.5) | 0.81 |
| LDL cholesterol, mg/dL* | 116.3 ± 37.1 | 114.8 ± 35.8 | 0.78 |
| Triglycerides, mg/dL | 116.5 (72.0, 151.8) | 107.0 (85.0, 156.0) | 0.93 |
| Fasting glucose levels, mg/dL | 96.5 (89.0, 106.3) | 104.0 (92.0, 116.5) | 0.009 |
| Insulinemia, μU/mL | 10.5 (6.45, 17.15) | 12.5 (7.56, 18.4) | 0.10 |
| HOMA-IR index | 2.39 (1.46, 4.08) | 3.16 (1.81, 5.05) | 0.03 |
| Comorbidities, Yes/No: | |||
| Hypertension | 30/70 | 46/53 | 0.025 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 7/93 | 10/89 | 0.445 |
| Dyslipidemia | 34/66 | 28/71 | 0.38 |
| Metabolic syndrome | 32/68 | 52/47 | 0.008 |
| LN adiponectin, ng/mL* | 11.02 ± 0.5 | 11.09 ± 0.55 | 0.39 |
| LN ghrelin, ng/mL* | 2.22 ± 0.23 | 2.26 ± 0.20 | 0.13 |
| Leptin, ng/mL | 1.1 (0.63, 2.00) | 1.14 (0.56, 1.99) | 0.81 |
Median (interquartile range) is shown for non–normally distributed variables.
*
Mean ± SD.
BMI, body mass index; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; HOMA-IR, Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance; LN, natural logarithm.