Table 3.
Changes in clinical parameters at follow-up according to the treatments (unpaired t-test).
| Variables | Placebo (n = 41) | BC (n = 45) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Follow-up duration (days) | 88 ± 4 | 88 ± 6 | 0.94 |
| Adherence to treatment (≥ 80%, %) | 92 | 92 | 1 |
| Weight (Kg) | −2.7 ± 2 | −4.2 ± 3 | 0.004 |
| BMI (Kg/m2) | −0.9 ± 0.8 | −1.6 ± 0.9 | 0.003 |
| WC (cm) | −3.7 ± 4 | −4.9 ± 4 | 0.16 |
| HC (cm) | −3.2 ± 3 | −3.2 ± 4 | 0.99 |
| FM (kg) | −2.4 ± 2 | −3.3 ± 3 | 0.07 |
| CAP score (dB/m) | −26.9 ± 43 | −48.2 ± 39 | 0.020 |
| Stiffness (kPa) | −0.46 ± 1.4 | −0.26 ± 1.3 | 0.49 |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | −0.07 ± 7 | −0.3 ± 10 | 0.91 |
| Insulin (mU/L) | −1.2 ± 3 | −1.9 ± 5 | 0.41 |
| HOMA-IR | −0.2 ± 0.8 | −0.4 ± 1 | 0.43 |
| TC (mg/dL) | −5.2 ± 32 | −11.9 ± 21 | 0.26 |
| TG (mg/dL) | −2.2 ± 40 | −1.0 ± 34 | 0.85 |
| HDL-C (mg/dL) | −0.5 ± 6 | −2.8 ± 6 | 0.06 |
| LDL-C (mg/dL) | −4.3 ± 28 | −8.9 ± 18 | 0.36 |
| Non-HDL-C (mg/dL) | −4.3 ± 27 | −9.1 ± 19 | 0.42 |
| AST (IU/L) | −0.9 ± 7 | −1.8 ± 5 | 0.48 |
| ALT (IU/L) | −3.5 ± 28 | −2.0 ± 17 | 0.76 |
| γGT (UI/L) | −2.6 ± 9 | −3.8 ± 9 | 0.55 |
| Uric Acid (mg/dL) | 0.13 ± 0.8 | −0.09 ± 0.7 | 0.18 |
| Total bilirubin (mg/dL) | 0.07 ± 0.2 | 0.01 ± 0.3 | 0.22 |
| WBCs (x 103/uL) | −0.37 ± 1.3 | −0.35 ± 1.3 | 0.94 |
| Lymphocyte (x 103/uL) | 0.04 ± 0.4 | −0.07 ± 0.5 | 0.36 |
| Neutrophil (x 103/uL) | −0.31 ± 1.2 | −0.11 ± 1.0 | 0.50 |
| Monocyte (x 103/uL) | −0.01 ± 0.1 | −0.01 ± 0.1 | 0.97 |
| IL-1β (pg/mL) | −1.56 ± 0.8 | −1.36 ± 0.9 | 0.29 |
| IL-6 (pg/mL) | 0.42 ± 0.5 | 0.48 ± 0.4 | 0.56 |
| TNF-α (pg/mL) | −1.73 ± 2.1 | −1.52 ± 2.9 | 0.71 |
BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference; HC, hip circumference; FM, fat mass; CAP, controlled attenuation parameter; HOMA-IR, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; HDL-C, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low density lipoprotein cholesterol; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; γGT, gamma glutamyltransferase; WBCs, white blood cells; IL-1β, interleukin-1β; IL-6, interleukin-6; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor α.