Table 3.
Examples of links of bioactivation to idiosyncratic drug reactions [146]
| Drugs withdrawn (United States) | Temporarily withdrawn or withdrawn in other countries | Marketed drugs |
|---|---|---|
|
Aclofenac (anti-inflammatory) Hepatitis, rash |
Aminopyrine (analgesic) Agranulocytosis |
Abacavir (antiretroviral) Cutaneous ADRs |
|
Alpidem (anxiolytic) Hepatitis (fatal) |
Nefazodone (antidepressant) Hepatitis (> 200 deaths) |
Acetaminophen (analgesic) Hepatitis (fatal) |
|
Amodiaquine (antimalarial) Hepatitis, agranulocytosis |
Trovan (antibacterial) Hepatitis |
Captopril (antihypertensive) Cutaneous ADRs, agranulocytosis |
|
Amineptine (antidepressant) Hepatitis, cutaneous ADRs |
Zileuton (antiasthma) Hepatitis |
Carbamazepine (anticonvulsant) Hepatitis, agranulocytosis |
|
Benoxaprofen (anti-inflammatory) Hepatitis, cutaneous ADRs |
Clozapine (antipsychotic) Agranulocytosis |
|
|
Bromfenac (anti-inflammatory) Hepatitis (fatal) |
Cyclophosphamide (anticancer) Agranulocytosis, cutaneous ADRs |
|
|
Carbutamide (antidiabetic) Bone marrow toxicity |
Dapsone (antibacterial) Agranulocytosis, cutaneous ADRs, aplastic anemia |
|
|
Ibufenac (anti-inflammatory) Hepatitis (fatal) |
Diclofenac (anti-inflammatory) Hepatitis |
|
|
Iproniazid (antidepressant) Hepatitis (fatal) |
Felbamate (anticonvulsant) Hepatitis (fatal), aplastic anemia (fatal), severe restriction in use |
|
|
Metiamide (antiulcer) Bone marrow toxicity |
Furosemide (diuretic) Agranulocytosis, cutaneous ADRs, aplastic anemia |
|
|
Nomifensine (antidepressant) Hepatitis (fatal), anemia |
Halothane (anesthetic) Hepatitis |
|
|
Practolol (antiarrhythmic) Severe cutaneous ADRs |
Imipramine (antidepressant) Hepatitis |
|
|
Remoxipride (antipsychotic) Aplastic anemia |
Indomethacin (anti-inflammatory) Hepatitis |
|
|
Sudoxicam (anti-inflammatory) Hepatitis (fatal) |
Isoniazid (antibacterial) Hepatitis (can be fatal) |
|
|
Tienilic Acid (diuretic) Hepatitis (fatal) |
Phenytoin (anticonvulsant) Agranulocytosis, cutaneous ADRs |
|
|
Tolrestat (antidiabetic) Hepatitis (fatal) |
Procainamide (antiarrhythmic) Hepatitis, agranulocytosis |
|
|
Troglitazone (antidiabetic) Hepatitis (fatal) |
Sulfamethoxazole (antibacterial) Agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia |
|
|
Zomepirac (anti-inflammatory) Hepatitis, cutaneous ADRs |
Terbinafine (antifungal) Hepatitis, cutaneous ADRs |
|
|
Ticlopidine (antithrombotic) Agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia |
||
|
Tolcapone (anti-Parkinson’s) Hepatitis (fatal) |
||
|
Trazodone (antidepressant) Hepatitis |
||
|
Trimethoprim (antibacterial) Agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia, cutaneous ADRs |
||
|
Thalidomide (immunomodulator) Teratogenicity |
||
|
Valproic acid (anticonvulsant) Hepatitis (fatal), teratogenicity |
ADR Adverse drug reaction