Table 1. Effect of irrigation sequences on dentin composition.
No. | Author | Sample type | Groups | Outcome measure | Main findings | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Irrigation sequence | Duration (min)* | |||||
1 | Doğan et al. [33] | Root canal dentin | 17% EDTA/2.5% NaOCl | 15-? | Calcium/phosphate ratio | EDTA/NaOCl altered the Ca/P ratio and Mg level significantly when compared to the control group |
17% EDTA/saline | 15-? | |||||
2.5% NaOCl | ? | |||||
Saline (control) | ? | |||||
2 | Sayin et al. [34] | Root canal dentin | 2.5% NaOCl | 1, 5 | Calcium loss | EDTA and EDTA/NaOCl treatment for 1 and 5 min showed significantly more calcium ion loss |
17% EDTA | 1, 5 | |||||
17% EDTA/2.5% NaOCl | 1-1, 5-5 | |||||
Distilled water (control) | 1, 5 | |||||
3 | Wang et al. [35] | Root canal dentin | Control | Element distribution (EDS) | Reduced Ca and P values in NaOCl/EDTA/NaOCl group | |
3% NaOCl/8% EDTA | 5-2 | |||||
3% NaOCl/8% EDTA/3% NaOCl | 2-2-1 | |||||
5% NaOCl/17% EDTA | 2-2 | |||||
5% NaOCl/17% EDTA/5% NaOCl | 2-2-1 | |||||
5% NaOCl/17% EDTA/5% NaOCl | 5-5-5 | |||||
4 | Zhang et al. [36] | Dentin powder | Control–no treatment | - Apatite/collagen ratio (FTIR) | EDTA decreased the apatite/collagen ratio 5.25% NaOCl for more than 60 min showed a significant increase in apatite/collagen ratio and decrease in flexural strength | |
17% EDTA | 2 | - Flexural strength | ||||
1.3% NaOCl/17% EDTA | 10, 20, 30, 60, 120, 180, 240-2 | |||||
5.25% NaOCl/17% EDTA | 10, 20, 30, 60, 120, 180, 240-2 | |||||
5 | Zhang et al. [37] | Dentin powder | Control–no treatment | - Apatite/collagen ratio | - Significant increase in apatite/collagen ratio with time and concentration of NaOCl | |
17% EDTA | 2 | - Collagen degradation (FTIR) | - Tunneling erosion pattern with subsurface erosion with 5.25% NaOCl/EDTA | |||
1.3% NaOCl | 10, 20, 30, 60, 120, 180, 240 | |||||
1.3% NaOCl/17% EDTA | 10, 20, 30, 60, 120, 180, 240-2 | |||||
5.25% NaOCl | 10, 20, 30, 60, 120, 180, 240 | |||||
5.25% NaOCl/17% EDTA | 10, 20, 30, 60, 120, 180, 240-2 |
EDTA, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; NaOCl, sodium hypochlorite; Ca, calcium; P, phosphorus; EDS, energy dispersive spectroscopy; FTIR, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy.
*? represent unknown.