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. 2020 Aug 3;21(15):5559. doi: 10.3390/ijms21155559

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© 2020 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Coronavirus genomic organization. Coronaviruses are enveloped particles 100–160 nm in diameter with a 26–32 kb single stranded RNA (ssRNA) genome. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) share a common open reading frame 1 (ORF1)a/b which encodes a polyprotein. The other ORFs are responsible for coding the four main structural proteins: spike (S), envelope (E), membrane (M) and nucleocapsid (N) proteins plus several accessory proteins.