ALP	alkaline phosphatase
BTE	bone tissue engineering
CS	chitosan
Da	Dalton
DMSO	dimethyl sulfoxide
ECM	extracellular matrices
EDX	Energy dispersive X-ray
FBS	fetal bovine serum
FESEM	field emission scanning electron microscope
GAGs	glycosaminoglycans
GO	graphene oxide
GTA	glutaraldehyde
hBMSC	human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
HMDS	hexamethyldisilazane
MEM	minimum essential medium
MG63	human osteosarcoma cell line
MTT	3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide
PBS	phosphate buffered saline
PBS-T	phosphate buffered saline-0.05% Tween-20
pNp	p-nitrophenol
pNpp	p-nitrophenyl phosphate
SDS PAGE	sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
TMB	3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine
TNSALP	tissue non-specific type
UV–VIS	ultraviolet-visible
wt %	weight percent