Figure 3.

Apoptosis induced by tomatine in melanoma cell lines. HBL, hmel-1, and M3 cell lines were treated for 24 h with tomatine at 0.25, 0.5, and 1 µM (expressed as α-tomatine concentrations); afterwards, the cells were stained with annexin-V/PI and analyzed by FACS. (a) Representative analysis of annexin-V/PI stained cells; (b) histograms of the % of annexin-V (early apoptosis) and annexin-V/PI (late apoptosis)-positive cells in vehicle-treated cells and tomatine-treated ones. The results show the mean ± SD of three independent experiments. Data are shown as mean ± SD of three different experiments performed in triplicate. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, and *** p < 0.001 of apoptosis (early + late), with respect to vehicle-treated cells.