Table 4.
Weighted geometric means (GMs, ng/mL) comparisons of six selected VOCMs in the PATH Study Wave 1 and the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2015–2016 data stratified by smokers and never users.
| Variable | Smokers | Never Users | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NHANES 2015–2016 |
PATH Study Wave 1 2013–2014 |
p-Value | NHANES 2015–2016 |
PATH Study Wave 1 2013–2014 |
p-Value | |||||
| n | GM (SE) |
n | GM (SE) |
n | GM (SE) |
n | GM (SE) |
|||
| t4HBEMA | 888 | 15.7 (1.32) |
8080 | 18.9 (0.444) |
0.0208 | 1331 | 3.54 (0.15) |
3153 | 4.28 (0.081) |
<0.0001 |
| 3HPMA | 842 | 725 (39.7) |
7973 | 841 (14.9) |
0.0064 | 1239 | 221 (7.12) |
3153 | 255 (5.78) |
0.0002 |
| 2COEMA | 888 | 178 (10.1) |
7637 | 218 (3.17) |
0.0001 | 1331 | 91.8 (3.03) |
3022 | 92.2 (1.77) |
0.9070 |
| 2CYEMA | 888 | 58.0 (6.76) |
7637 | 68.4 (2.66) |
0.1511 | 1331 | 1.41 (0.09) |
3022 | 1.25 (0.034) |
0.0967 |
| 3HMPMA | 888 | 1.28 × 103 (79.6) |
8081 | 1.62 × 103 (37.1) |
0.0001 | 1331 | 378 (12.80) |
3153 | 433 (10.2) |
0.0009 |
| 4HMBEMA | 888 | 18.1 (1.74) |
8057 | 21.4 (0.637) |
0.0732 | 1331 | 3.22 (0.09) |
3120 | 3.14 (0.088) |
0.5241 |
SE: Standard error; t4HBEMA: N-acetyl-S-(4-hydroxy-2-buten-1-yl)-L-cysteine; 3HPMA: N-acetyl-S-(3-hydroxypropyl)-L-cysteine; 2COEMA: N-acetyl-S-(2-carboxyethyl)-L-cysteine; 2CYEMA: N-acetyl-S-(2-cyanoethyl)-L-cysteine; 3HMPMA: N-acetyl-S-(3-hydroxypropyl-1-methyl)-L-cysteine; 4HMBEMA: N-acetyl-S-(4-hydroxy-2-methyl-2-buten-1-yl)-L-cysteine.