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. 2020 Jul 28;21(15):5349. doi: 10.3390/ijms21155349

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Biosynthetic pathway of ganglio-series gangliosides. GCS (Ugcg), a glucosyltransferase, catalyzes the first step in synthesis of ganglio-series gangliosides. Subsequently, LacCerS (B4galt5/6) adds a galactose residue onto GlcCer to form LacCer. GM3S (St3gal5) is a sialyltransferase required for initiation of synthesis of a- and b-series gangliosides. GD3S (St8sia1) is a sialyltransferase required for synthesis of b-series gangliosides. Four species (GM1, GD1a, GD1b, GT1b) comprise the majority of total brain gangliosides in mammals.