Aβ	Amyloid-β
AD	Alzheimer’s disease
ALS	Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
AMPAR	α-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor
ApoE	Apolipoprotein E
APP	β-Amyloid precursor protein
APPL	Adaptor protein, phosphotyrosine interacting with PH domain and leucine zipper 1
BACE-1	β-APP-cleaving enzyme 1
BDNF	Brain-derived neurotrophic factor
β-CTF	Carboxy-terminal APP fragment generated by BACE-1
C9ORF72	Chromosome 9 open reading frame 72
CK	Casein kinase
CNS	Central nervous system
COPD	Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
CSF	Cerebrospinal fluid
DLB	Dementia with Lewy bodies
DRG	Dorsal root ganglion
DS	Down syndrome
EEA	Early endosomal autoantigen
ERK	Extracellular signal-regulated kinase
FTD	Frontotemporal dementia
GAP	GTPase activating protein
GDI	GDP dissociation inhibitor
GEF	Guanine nucleotide exchange factor
GTPase	Guanosine triphosphatase
HAP40	Htt-associated protein 40
HD	Huntington’s disease
Htt	Huntingtin
hVPS45	Human Sec1p-like vacuolar protein sorting
IBD	Inflammatory bowel disease
IGF1	Insulin-like growth factor 1
IL-1β	Interleukin-1β
iPSC	Induced pluripotent stem cell
LTD	Long-term depression
LTP	Long-term potentiation
MAPK	Mitogen-activated protein kinase
MAPKAPK2	MAPK-activated protein kinase 2
MK2	MAPK-activated protein kinase 2
MKK	Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase
MSK	Mitogen and stress-activated kinase
NGF	Nerve growth factor
NMDA	N-methyl-d-aspartate
PD	Parkinson’s disease
PH	Pleckstrin homology
PI3K	Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase
RA	Rheumatoid arthritis
Rab5	Ras-related protein Rab5
SAPK	Stress-activated protein kinase
SNRI	Serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
SOD1	Superoxide dismutase 1
SORL1	Sortilin-related receptor 1
TNFα	Tumor necrosis factor α