Figure 1.

Visualizing α-synuclein (αS) toxicity in M17D neuroblastoma cells. (A) The indicated αS variants (top, aligned by the KTKEGV amino acid motifs) fused to yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) were transiently transfected in M17D cells (bottom, representative fluorescent microscopy images, arrows indicate rounded cells); scale bar, 50 µm; (B) quantification of transfections shown in A: proportion of flat, healthy-looking cells for all transfections relative to wild-type (wt), which was set to 1; graph is means ± SD (Standard Deviation). Criteria for significance relative to wt were * p < 0.05, **** p < 0.0001, n = 16 (2 independent experiments on 2 different days, 8 independent wells each); (C) Western blot (WB) for total αS (mAb 15G7) and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), representative of 2 independent experiments on 2 different days (n = 2 each).