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. 2020 Jul 31;17(15):5534. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17155534

Table 3.

Health-related behaviors of different body image perceptions (aged >65).

Characteristic Variable Item BICP Misperceiving Body Image Total Rao–Scott χ2(p)
BIUP BIOP
Weight control attempt during the past 1 year Lose weight 132 (12.9) 14 (2.1) 132 (44.7) 278 (14.7) 294.809 (<0.001)
Maintain weight 176 (16.3) 47 (9.4) 39 (13.8) 262 (13.9)
Gain weight 50 (5.1) 117 (20.4) 9 (2.9) 176 (9.2)
Nothing to control weight 677 (65.7) 360 (68) 110 (38.6) 1147 (62.2)
Total 1035 (100) 538 (100) 290 (100) 1863 (100)
Aerobic exercise No 668 (67.5) 370 (77.8) 191 (67.4) 1229 (70.3) 12.707 (0.002)
Yes 303 (32.5) 113 (22.2) 90 (32.6) 506 (29.7)
Total 971 (100) 483 (100) 281 (100) 1735 (100)
Muscle strengthening exercise No 891 (90.5) 458 (93.3) 261 (89.6) 1610 (91.1) 2.945 (0.229)
Yes 95 (9.5) 34 (6.7) 23 (10.4) 152 (8.9)
Total 986 (100) 492 (100) 284 (100) 1762 (100)
Smoking status Current smoker 27 (2.8) 30 (6.3) 6 (1.3) 63 (3.6) 16.701 (0.002)
Former smoker 33 (3.4) 23 (3.5) 13 (5) 69 (3.7)
Never smoker 977 (93.9) 489 (90.2) 271 (93.7) 1737 (92.8)
Total 1037 (100) 542 (100) 290 (100) 1869 (100)
Smoking 11.18±1.79 10.09±2.04 11.47±3.14 10.68±1.29 0.110 (0.900)
Alcohol consumption None 229 (36.9) 136 (44.9) 75 (33.9) 440 (38.5) 10.028 (0.438)
>1 times/month 206 (31.6) 84 (27.9) 59 (32.2) 349 (30.7)
1 times/month 77 (12.7) 30 (9.8) 25 (13.6) 132 (12.1)
2–4 times/month 75 (11) 28 (8.3) 23 (12.9) 126 (10.6)
2–3 times/week 31 (4.8) 9 (4.8) 11 (5.9) 51 (5)
≥4 times/week 20 (3) 13 (4.4) 4 (1.6) 37 (3.1)
Total 638 (100) 300 (100) 197 (100) 1135 (100)
Drinking 1–2 glasses/time 339 (83.1) 136 (84.7) 101 (82.6) 576 (83.4) 0.258 (0.992)
3–4 glasses/time 48 (12.6) 21 (11.6) 17 (12.8) 86 (12.4)
≥5 glasses/time 21 (4.2) 7 (3.7) 4 (4.7) 32 (4.2)
Total 408 (100) 164 (100) 122 (100) 694 (100)
Sleep >7 h/day 450 (42.9) 236 (43.2) 121 (43.2) 807 (43.1) 2.725 (0.605)
>8 h/day 244 (24.2) 93 (20.5) 71 (25) 408 (23.3)
≤8 h/day 311 (32.8) 185 (36.3) 92 (31.8) 588 (33.7)
Total 1005 (100) 514 (100) 284 (100) 1803 (100)

BIOP—body image over estimation perception; BICP—body image correct estimation perception, BIUP—body image under estimation perception.