Figure 5.

LMX1A suppresses the colony formation and invasion of cancer cells in an inducible expression system. (A) Doxycycline (Dox; 1 ng/μL)-inducible LMX1A expression was established in H23 cells and was assessed by Western blot analysis. β-Actin was used as an internal control. (B–D) Cells treated with Dox (1 ng/μL) for 7 days or withdrawn from Dox treatment for another 7 days were tested for cell proliferation (MTS) (B), colony formation (C), and invasion (D). The results are presented as the mean ± SEM from three independent experiments in duplicate. ** p < 0.01 and *** p < 0.001 (Mann–Whitney U test or Student’s t-test).