Table 2.
Selected molecular markers of relevant CNS cell types with species and methodological information
| Endothelial cells of the BBB | Pericytes | Astrocytes | Smooth muscle cells | CP/CVO endothelial cells | CP epithelial cells | Immune cells | Oligodendrocytes | Fibroblasts | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AQ1 | – | – | – | – | – |
[114] IHC [115] IHC |
– | – | – |
| AQP4 | – | – | [116] IHC | – | – | [114] IHC | – | – | – |
| ⍺-SMA | – |
± IHC [117] IHC [118] |
– | [119] IHC | – | – | – | – | – |
| CD31/PECAM1 | [120, 121] IHC | – | – | – | [122] IHC | – | [123] IHC | – | – |
| Cdh5 | [124] | – | – | – | [125] RM | – | – | – | – |
| Cldn-1 | [126] IHC | – | – | – | – | [127–129] IHC | – | – | – |
| Cldn-2 | – | – | – | – | – | [127, 128] IHC | – | – | – |
| Cldn-3 |
[130] IF [79]a |
– | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Cldn-5 |
[131] KO + IHC/WB [132] IHC |
– | – | – | – | [127] IHC | – | – | – |
| Cldn-11 | – | – | – | – | – | [128] IHC | – |
IHC [133] IHC [134] |
– |
| FGF | WB [135] | ||||||||
| GFAP | – | – | [136] IF | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| GLAST | – | – | WB [137] | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| ICAM-1 |
[138] IHC [139] ELISA |
[140] ICC | – | – | – | – | [141] | – | – |
| MHC-II | – | – | – | – | – | – | [142] PCR | – | – |
| NG2/CSPG4 | – | [143] IHC | – | – | – | – | [144] Immunogold | – | |
| OAP-1 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | [134] WB + IHC | – |
| Occludin | [132] IHC | – | – | – | [127] IHC | [127, 128] IHC | – | – | – |
| PDGFR-β | – | [143] IHC | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Podoplanin | – | – | – | – | – |
[145] IHC, WB [146] IHC |
– | – | – |
| TTR | – | – | – | – | – | [41] QPCR, RNAseq | – | – | – |
| VCAM-1 | [147] ELISA | [140] ICC | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| ZO-1 |
[148] IHC [149] ICC |
– | – | – | – | [128] IHC | – | – | – |
Italic represents evidence in the mouse, bold italic represents evidence in humans, underline represents evidence in the mouse and humans
IHC immunohistochemistry, RM reporter mice, IF immunofluorescence, PCR polymerase-chain reaction, QPCR quantitative polymerase-chain reaction, RNASeq next generation RNA sequencing, scRNAseq single-cell RNA sequencing, KO knock-out, WB Western-blot, ICC immunocytochemical staining, ELISA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
aA study showing contrary evidence (absence)