TABLE 2.

Infant HIV post-exposure prophylaxis given at birth.

Risk category	Indications	Infant prophylaxis
Low-risk infant at birth, whether breastfed or exclusively formula fed	Maternal VL at delivery < 1000 copies/mL	Infant NVP at birth and then daily for six weeks
High-risk infant at birth in the breastfed infant	Mother not on ART at delivery, or	Infant NVP for a minimum of 12 weeks. Infant NVP only discontinued after confirmation of maternal VL being < 1000 copies/mL, and or until four weeks after cessation of all breastfeeding.
	Mother on ART with HIV VL ≥ 1000 copies/mL at delivery, or prior to 12 weeks
	No HIV VL result available at delivery or prior to 12 weeks	Infant AZT twice daily for six weeks
High-risk infant at birth in the infant exclusively formula fed from birth	Mother not on ART at delivery, or	Infant NVP at birth and then daily for six weeks (provided that avoiding breastfeeding is documented and sustained), and
	Mother on ART with HIV VL ≥ 1000 copies/mL at delivery, or prior to 12 weeks
		Infant AZT twice daily for six weeks
	No HIV VL result available at delivery or prior to 12 weeks

ART, antiretroviral therapy; AZT, zidovudine; NVP, nevirapine; VL, viral load; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus.