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. 2020 Aug 14;13(4):129–137. doi: 10.14740/gr1303

Table 3. Clinical, Colonoscopic and Histological Findings in the Primary Localized Amyloidosis of the Intestine.

Aspects Small intestine (duodenum, jejunum, and ilium) Colorectum
Age (mean ± SEM) 62 ± 3.7 years [6, 28-39] 65.1 ± 3.9 years [6, 12, 15-27]
Male to female ratio 8/4 12/3
Site of involvement
Jejunum (40%) The left colon (44%)
Ileum (7%) Transverse colon (11%)
Clinical presentations
Abdominal pain and intestinal obstruction (33%) [6, 28, 29, 31, 33-36] Rectal bleeding (37%) [15, 20-23], followed by abdominal pain (11%) [15, 20] and anemia [18]
Colonoscopic findings
Thickening of the wall (18%) [28-32, 39]; polyps and polypoid mucosal protrusions (11%) [37-39]; ulcerations (7%) [34, 36]; friability and nodularity of the mucosa (7%) [30, 36], and perforation (3%) [33]. Mass lesions (tumor-like lesion, polypoid protrusions, and polyps) with narrowing were the most common (29%) [12, 15-18, 21]. Ulcerations with solitary or multiple ulcers (14%) [20, 22, 25-27], thickening of the wall (7%) [20, 27], nodularity and friability of the mucosa (2%) [23, 24, 26], and perforation (3%) [20].
Histological features
Amyloid deposits; increased density of mixed inflammatory cells in the lamina propria; light chain protein [21, 34]. Amyloid deposits; increased density of mixed inflammatory cells in the lamina propria; foreign body giant cell reaction; amyloid angiopathy; necrotizing angiitis; focal active colitis; and immunoglobulin light-chain (AL) [16, 23, 24].