Table 3.

Inheritance and genetic crosses-single-generation outcrosses

Cross number	Outcross, P1 phenotype	F1, n=	F1 phenotype, % yellow	F1 phenotype, % green	P-value, 2-side exact binomial test
	y × y		Expected ratio: 100:0
1	y, y	346	100	0	1.0
2	y, y	200	100	0	1.0
3	y, y	69	100	0	1.0
	G × y	Expected ratio: 50:50
4	G, y	37	43	57	0.511
5	G, y	22	45	55	0.831
6	G, y	68	44	56	0.396
7	G, y	31	55	45	0.720
8	G, y	15	53	47	1.0
9	G, y	112	59	41	0.72
10	G, y *	20	55	45	0.82
	G × y	Expected ratio: 0:100
11	G, y*	28	0	100	1.0
12	G, y *	77	0	100	1.0
	G × G	Expected ratio: 25:75
13	G, G *	48	31	69	0.319
14	G, G *	50	32	68	0.25
15	G, G *	165	35	65	0.007
16	G, G *	32	56	44	<0.0001
	G × G	Expected ratio: 0:100
17	G, G	108	14	86	0.007
18	G, G	99	15	85	0.005
19	G, G	599	0	100	1.0
20	G, G	25	0	100	1.0
21	G, G	293	2	98	0.9795
22	G, G	91	2	98	0.9795
23	G, G	137	5	95	0.949
24	G, G	19	5	95	0.949

Individuals of yellow (‘y’) and green (‘G’) color morphs were crossed in either yellow × yellow, yellow × Green or Green × Green combinations. Number of offspring (F1) resulting from each parental cross (P1), as well as the percentage of each color morph observed in the fifth instar per family. Families are numbered and grouped by the best fit two-allele, single-gene expected model which they were compared to using a two-sided exact binomial test. A P-value of > 0.05 indicates that the observed ratio is not significantly different from a ratio one would expect from a single, two-allele gene. Families that were one generation of a multigenerational cross are noted by an ‘*’; complete multigenerational family lineage can be seen in Table 4.