Table 8. Effect of the UBL intervention on IPV outcomes among women, men, and at the household level at 24-month follow-up: Analysis among those who participated in at least 85% of UBL sessions.
| Summary Statistics | Intervention Effect | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control Group | Couples' UBL | Women's UBL | Men's UBL | Couples' UBL | Women’s UBL | Men's UBL | ||||
| N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | OR | AOR* | OR | AOR* | OR | AOR* | |
| Experience of IPV—Women’s reports | ||||||||||
| Past-year physical IPV | 292/1,452 (20.1) | 124/598 (20.7) | 158/688 (23.0) | 147/655 (22.4) | 1.03 (0.77–1.38), p = 0.835 | 1.04 (0.76–1.41), p = 0.810 | 1.18 (0.88–1.57), p = 0.275 | 1.17 (0.86–1.58), p = 0.329 | 1.13 (0.90–1.41), p = 0.287 | 1.04 (0.82–1.33), p = 0.727 |
| Past-year sexual IPV | 542/1,451 (37.4) | 216/597 (36.2) | 279/688 (40.6) | 226/653 (34.6) | 0.92 (0.65–1.31), p = 0.658 | 0.94 (0.64–1.38), p = 0.755 | 1.10 (0.86–1.40), p = 0.444 | 1.08 (0.81–1.43), p = 0.604 | 0.83 (0.64–1.07), p = 0.148 | 0.76 (0.58–1.00), p = 0.054 |
| Past-year physical and/or sexual IPV | 627/1,453 (43.2) | 248/598 (41.5) | 311/688 (45.2) | 264/654 (40.4) | 0.91 (0.67–1.25), p = 0.560 | 0.92 (0.66–1.29), p = 0.638 | 1.05 (0.81–1.35), p = 0.713 | 1.03 (0.78–1.37), p = 0.825 | 0.84 (0.67–1.05), p = 0.135 | 0.78 (0.62–0.99), p = 0.044 |
| Past-year emotional IPV | 886/1,460 (60.7) | 362/600 (60.3) | 423/691 (61.2) | 389/656 (59.3) | 0.96 (0.68–1.35), p = 0.815 | 0.98 (0.67–1.45), p = 0.936 | 0.97 (0.73–1.31), p = 0.865 | 0.99 (0.71–1.37), p = 0.936 | 0.89 (0.66–1.20), p = 0.442 | 0.82 (0.60–1.12), p = 0.218 |
| Perpetration of IPV—Men’s reports | ||||||||||
| Past-year physical IPV | 313/1,459 (21.5) | 120/599 (20.3) | 156/663 (23.5) | 121/689 (17.6) | 0.88 (0.59–1.30), p = 0.529 | 0.88 (0.59–1.30), p = 0.517 | 1.11 (0.79–1.56), p = 0.531 | 1.08 (0.77–1.51), p = 0.645 | 0.73 (0.52–1.01), p = 0.059 | 0.71 (0.51–0.98), p = 0.039 |
| Past-year sexual IPV | 427/1,459 (29.3) | 142/599 (23.7) | 198/662 (29.9) | 135/689 (19.6) | 0.72 (0.46–1.13), p = 0.152 | 0.73 (0.45–1.16), p = 0.179 | 0.98 (0.78–1.24), p = 0.884 | 0.97 (0.76–1.23), p = 0.784 | 0.53 (0.40–0.72), p < 0.001 | 0.52 (0.39–0.69), p < 0.001 |
| Past-year physical and/or sexual IPV | 566/1,459 (38.8) | 194/599 (32.4) | 275/662 (41.5) | 204/689 (29.6) | 0.72 (0.49–1.06), p = 0.092 | 0.72 (0.49–1.07), p = 0.106 | 1.09 (0.87–1.35), p = 0.457 | 1.07 (0.85–1.34), p = 0.576 | 0.60 (0.46–0.79), p < 0.001 | 0.58 (0.44–0.76), p < 0.001 |
| Past-year emotional IPV | 819/1,463 (56.0) | 318/599 (53.1) | 398/663 (60.0) | 383/689 (55.6) | 0.87 (0.61–1.24), p = 0.426 | 0.86 (0.60–1.22), p = 0.401 | 1.15 (0.91–1.45), p = 0.238 | 1.12 (0.89–1.42), p = 0.342 | 0.92 (0.70–1.20), p = 0.522 | 0.90 (0.69–1.17), p = 0.433 |
| Household-level IPV—Combined women’s and men’s reports | ||||||||||
| Past-year physical IPV | 523/1,508 (34.7) | 211/600 (35.2) | 268/691 (38.8) | 237/678 (35.0) | 1.00 (0.99–1.28), p = 0.988 | 1.00 (0.77–1.28), p = 0.973 | 1.18 (0.93–1.50), p = 0.180 | 1.16 (0.91–1.48), p = 0.218 | 0.99 (0.80–1.24), p = 0.956 | 0.94 (0.75–1.19), p = 0.627 |
| Past-year sexual IPV | 786/1,508 (52.1) | 306/600 (51.0) | 383/691 (55.4) | 314/678 (46.3) | 0.91 (0.65–1.28), p = 0.586 | 0.91 (0.64–1.31), p = 0.615 | 1.07 (0.85–1.35), p = 0.557 | 1.05 (0.82–1.34), p = 0.710 | 0.72 (0.57–0.92), p = 0.007 | 0.68 (0.54–0.86), p = 0.001 |
| Past-year physical and/or sexual IPV | 922/1,508 (61.1) | 358/600 (59.7) | 443/691 (64.1) | 382/678 (56.3) | 0.89 (0.65–1.22), p = 0.474 | 0.89 (0.64–1.23), p = 0.474 | 1.10 (0.83–1.38), p = 0.602 | 1.06 (0.80–1.39), p = 0.690 | 0.76 (0.59–0.97), p = 0.030 | 0.71 (0.55–0.91), p = 0.008 |
| Past-year emotional IPV | 1,188/1,511 (78.6) | 467/600 (77.8) | 556/691 (80.5) | 547/678 (80.7) | 0.88 (0.59–1.32), p = 0.545 | 0.90 (0.59–1.36), p = 0.617 | 1.02 (0.71–1.45), p = 0.931 | 1.03 (0.70–1.53), p = 0.871 | 1.08 (0.75–1.55), p = 0.674 | 1.04 (0.72–1.51), p = 0.832 |
Abbreviations: AOR, adjusted OR; IPV, intimate partner violence; OR, odds ratio; UBL, Unite for a Better Life.
*Adjusted for respondent’s age, respondent’s schooling category, marriage length, polygamous household, socioeconomic status, whether completed the full or short survey at endline, and number of months between end of intervention and endline interview