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. 2020 Aug 18;15(8):e0237571. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237571

Table 2. Characteristics of included case control study.

Study ID Participants Intervention vs. comparison Outcomes
Garcia- Ingelmo
1998
Spain [67]
PCC:12
NO-PCC:12
PCC included:
• Glycaemic control
PCC:
First trimester HbA1c: 6.7±0.58
Congenital malformations: 3/12
Macrosomia: 6/12
NO-PCC:
First trimester HbA1c: 8.29±1.32
Congenital malformations: 2/12
Macrosomia: 4/12

NO-PCC: No preconception care, PCC: pre-conception care, HbA1c: Glycated Haemoglobin.