Table 3.
Nonsurgical Treatment Selected as Most Effective
| Nonsurgical Treatment | Number Selected (Percent of Total) | Percent, Adjusted for Respondents Who Used the Treatment | Mean CER (SD) |
| Opioids | 52 (11.9%) | 44.1% | 4.0 (7.3) |
| Corticosteroid injection | 87 (20.0%) | 33.5% | 22.7 (31.4) |
| Prescription NSAID | 67 (15.4%) | 33.5% | 3.7 (5.6) |
| Gel injection | 41 (9.4%) | 26.3% | 104.0 (122.7) |
| Stem cell injection | 3 (0.7%) | 25.0% | 1966.7 (1428.1) |
| Over-the-counter NSAID | 77 (17.7%) | 23.3% | 2.2 (3.4) |
| Physical therapy | 50 (11.5%) | 19.5% | 138.6 (166.1) |
| Platelet-rich plasma injection | 3 (0.7%) | 19.5% | 520.8 (333.9) |
| Assistive walking device | 22 (5.0%) | 15.0% | 9.2 (13.3) |
| Acetaminophen | 32 (7.3%) | 10.6% | 5.4 (6.3) |
CER = Cost-effectiveness Ratio; NSAID = nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug