Fig. 8.

Effect of pregnancy and microbiome on plasma concentrations of primary bile acids. Shown are boxplots with individual data points of plasma concentrations of primary bile acids in C57BL/6 female mice. Concentrations were determined using targeted LC-MS/MS quantification and reported as nanograms per milliliter. Shown are means ± S.E. for selected bile acids or steroid hormones in the plasma from five to six mice. All pregnant mice used were on gestation day 15. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01 by Wilcoxon signed-rank test.