Single cell analysis applications using microfluidic platforms in cancer
biology, diagnosis, and therapy. (A) Cell-cell interaction assay using a
microfluidic platform. (a) Microphotograph of the fabricated device including
culture chambers, an interaction bridge, bubble chambers, bubble removal
channels, and a gold electrode for electrolysis. (b) Proliferation rates of
C2C12 cells co-cultured with one PC3 and five PC3 cells with bubble isolation.
Adapted with permission from Ref. [114].
Copyright 2014 Royal Society of Chemistry. (B) Principle of the reconfigurable
microfluidic device for real-time monitoring of secreted proteins at the
single-cell level. Each individual compartment consists of single cells and
sensing beads surrounded by PE-labelled detection antibodies as reporter
molecules. Once released by cells, target molecules diffused inside the chamber,
bound to sensing bead, causing fluorescence to increase on the bead surface via
a sandwich assay. Adapted with permission from Ref. [115]. Copyright 2016 The Royal Society of Chemistry.
(C) Droplet array design, single cell encapsulation images and Dox cell
viability tests with different MCF-7 cell lines. (a) Schematics of integrated
microfluidic platform and droplet generation array. (b) Droplet generation. (c)
Droplet docking in a microarray. (d) Image of live MCF-7S cell in a droplet
after incubation with Cy-5 conjugated ABCB-1 mRNA. (e) Image of live
Dox-resistant MCF-7R cell encapsulated in a droplet, Calcein AM was hydrolyzed
after entering live cells. (f) Cumulative cell viability of MCF7 Dox-resistant
(MCF-7R) cells (f) and MCF7 Dox-sensitive (MCF-7S) cells (g) treated with two
concentrations of Dox. Adapted with permission from Ref. [116]. Copyright 2015 The Royal Society of
Chemistry.