Table 8.

Model or theory base in top 30 studies.

Study and references	Model/theory base
Ahtinen 2013 [26]	Prochaska Stages of Change, Social Cognitive Theory
Antypas 2014 [27]	Prochaska Stages of Change, Health Behavior Theory, Social Cognitive Theory, Health Action Process Approach, Regulatory Focus Theory
Bengtsson 2014 [28,29]	Common Sense Model
Buccieri 2015 [30]	Critical Social Theory of Youth Empowerment
Clayman 2008 [31]	—a
Cordova 2015 [32]	Empowerment Theory
Dabbs 2009 [33]	—
Das 2013 [34]	—
Davies 2015 [35,36]	Paasche-Orlow & Wolf's Model (causal pathways)
Fennell 2016 [39,44]	Prochaska Stages of Change, Health Belief Model, Social Cognitive Theory, Reasoned Action Model, Theory of Planned Behavior, Information-Motivation Behavioral Skills Model
Fonda 2010 [40,41]	—
Goldenberg 2015 [42,43]	—
Heckman 2015 [45]	Integrative Model of Behavior Prediction
Kelders 2013 [46]	Persuasive Technology Theory, Business modeling
Lubberding 2016 [37,38,47]	—
Meyer 2007 [48]	Social Constructionist Philosophy
Miller 2015 [49]	Behavioral Science Theory, Cognitive-Social Health Information Processing Model
Morrison 2015 [50]	Normalization Process Theory
O’Brien 2016 [51]	Health Action Process Approach
Peute 2015 [52]	—
Revenas 2015 [53-55]	—
Sandlund 2015 [56]	Appreciative Inquiry
Schnall 2014 [57]	—
Skjoth 2015 [58]	--
Stinson 2014 [59]	Social Learning Theory, Behavioral Activation
Van Bruinessen 2014 [60,61]	—
Widman 2016 [62]	Fuzzy-trace Theory, Reasoned Action Model
Winterling 2016 [63-66]	—
Ennis 2014 [67,69]	—
Fleisher 2014 [68]	Cognitive-Social Health Information Processing Model, Ottawa Decision Support Framework

^aNo model or theory base described.