Table 3.
Treatment strategies.
| Total (N = 247) | Admitted to ICU or died (n = 112) | Discharged alive without ICU stay (n = 135) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aspirin, n (%) | 53 (21.5) | 25 (22.3) | 28 (20.7) | 0.8 |
| Statin, n (%) | 187 (75.7) | 90 (80.4) | 97 (71.9) | 0.1 |
| Newly initiated in hospital, n (%) | 85/187 (45.5) | 42/90 (46.7) | 43/97 (44.3) | 0.8 |
| Statin discontinued due to elevated liver function tests, n (%) | 27/187 (14.4) | 18/90 (20) | 9/97 (9.3) | 0.06 |
| Statin discontinued due to creatinine kinase elevation, n (%) | 28/187 (15) | 28/90 (31.1) | 0 (0) | <0.001 |
| Discontinued due to creatinine kinase elevation or elevated liver function tests all patients, n (%) | 55/187 (29.4) | 46/90 (51.1) | 9/97 (9.3) | <0.001 |
| Discontinued due to creatinine kinase elevation or elevated liver function tests among patients newly initiated on statin, n (%) | 31/85 (36.5) | 25/42 (59.5) | 6/43 (14) | <0.001 |
| Antibiotics, n (%) | 203 (82.2) | 110 (98.2) | 93 (68.9) | <0.001 |
| Azithromycin, n (%) | 182 (73.7) | 99 (88.4) | 83 (61.5) | <0.001 |
| ACEi/ARB, n (%) | 23 (9.3) | 7 (6.2) | 16 (11.9) | 0.2 |
| Discontinued during admission, n (%) | 7/23 (30.4) | 4/7 (57.1) | 3/16 (18.8) | 0.1 |
| Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis or therapeutic anticoagulation during admission, n (%) | 238 (96.4) | 111 (99.1) | 127 (94.1) | 0.04 |
| Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis, n (%) | 215 (87) | 98 (87.5) | 117 (86.7) | 1.0 |
| Enoxaparin, n (%) | 178 (72.1) | 73 (65.2) | 105 (77.8) | 0.004 |
| Heparin, n (%) | 37 (15) | 25 (22.3) | 12 (8.9) | 0.004 |
| Therapeutic anticoagulation, n (%) | 56 (22.7) | 45 (40.2) | 11 (8.1) | <0.001 |
| Glucocorticoid, n (%) | 52 (21.1) | 38 (33.9) | 14 (10.4) | <0.001 |
| Hydroxychloroquine, n (%) | 177 (71.7) | 98 (87.5) | 79 (58.5) | <0.001 |
| EKG available on drug initiation, n (%) | 172/177 (97) | 96/98 (98) | 76/79 (96.2) | 0.7 |
| QTc >500 on initiation, n (%) | 4/172 (2.3) | 2/96 (2.1) | 2/76 (2.6) | 1.0 |
| Developed QTc prolongation, n (%) | 65/172 (37.8) | 52/96 (54.2) | 13/76 (17.1) | <0.001 |
| Developed QTc ≥500 ms among those with initial QTc <500, n (%) | 28/168 (16.7) | 26/94 (27.7) | 2/74 (2.7) | <0.001 |
| Drug stopped due to QTc prolongation, n (%) | 11/177 (6.2) | 9/98 (9.2) | 2/79 (2.5) | 0.1 |
| Developed Torsades de pointes, n (%) | 1/177 (0.6) | 1/98 (1) | 0 (0) | 1.0 |
| Tocilizumab, n (%) | 12 (4.9) | 11 (9.8) | 1 (0.7) | 0.001 |
| Inhaled nitric oxide, n (%) | 21 (8.5) | 21 (18.8) | 0 (0) | <0.001 |
| Enrolled in clinical trial, n (%) | 11/21 (52.4) | 11/21 (52.4) | 0 (0) | – |
| Enrolled in Sarilumab clinical trial, n (%) | 7 (2.8) | 4 (3.6) | 3 (2.2) | 0.7 |
| Enrolled in Remdesivir clinical trial, n (%) | 57 (23.1) | 32 (28.6) | 25 (18.5) | 0.07 |
| IVIG, n (%) | 5 (2) | 5 (4.5) | 0 (0) | 0.02 |
Abbreviations: ACEi, angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors; ARB, angiotensin II receptor blockers; EKG, electrocardiogram; ICU, intensive care unit; IVIG, intravenous immunoglobulin; n=number of patients.