Table 2.

Rhomboid member’s association with diseases

Rhomboid member	Disease	Disease link	Ref.
Derlin-1	Colon Cancer	Derlin-1 silencing led to growth inhibition and promoted apoptosis in colon cancer cells. Derlin-1 overexpression correlates with tumor differentiation, invasion, and metastasis.	[80]
Derlin-1	Breast Cancer	High expression of Derlin-1 correlated with tumor grade and metastasis. Derlin-1 silencing sensitized breast cancer cells to ER stress-induced apoptosis.	[79]
Derlin-3	Breast Cancer	Inhibiting Derlin-3 expression decreased BC proliferation and high DERL3 expression in patients experienced poorer prognosis.	[77]
Ubac2	Becget disease	Two risk alleles, rs9517723 and rs7999348, significantly correlates with enhanced UBAC2 expression, which contributes to CNS lesions in patients. However, one risk allele, rs3825427, is correlated with downregulated UBAC2.	[96]
Rhbdl4	Colorectal Cancer	High expression of Rhbdl4 is associated with metastatic colorectal cancer. Its role in colorectal cancer has been proposed to be through the Wnt and EGFR signaling pathways.	[108–110]
Rhbdl4	Glioblastoma	Knockdown of Rhbdl4 resulted in an increase in apoptosis in a glioblastoma derived cell line.	[111]
iRhom1	Breast Cancer	Elevated expression of iRhom1 was found to be correlated with breast cancers with a faster progression. Possible mechanism is by promoting stability of transcription factor Hif1α, thus promoting cellular adaptation to hypoxia.	[100]