Table 1.
List of viruses with their family and common infection syndrome on which garlic extract and its organosulfur compounds reported to have antiviral activity.
| Name of virus | Family | Common infection/Syndrome | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| Adenovirus-3 (AdV-3); Adenovirus-41(AdV-41) | Adenoviridae | Cold and respiratory tract illness | Khanal et al. (2018) |
| Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) | Arteriviridae | Reproductive and respiratory tract illness in animal | Dietze et al. (2011) |
| Coronavirus (CoV); Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) | Coronaviridae | Cold and respiratory tract infection (both in human and animal) | Mehrbod et al. (2013) |
| Dengue virus (DENV) | Flaviviridae | Hemorrhagic fever | Alejandria (2015) |
| Herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1); Herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2); Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) | Herpesviridae | Genital herpes, cold sores and other sexual infection | (Straface et al., 2012; Taylor, 2003) |
| Influenza A virus subtype H9N2 (IAV-H9N2); Influenza B virus (IBV); Influenza A virus-H1N1 (IAV-H1N1) | Orthomyxoviridae | Flu in both human and animal | Klenk et al. (2008) |
| Coxsackie B −3 (CBV-3), Echovirus-11 (ECHO); Enterovirus-71(EV-71) | Picornaviridae | Minor febrile illness, aseptic meningitis, encephalitis and paralysis | (Dalldorf & Gifford, 1951; Khetsuriani et al., 2006; Lin et al., 2002) |
| Human rhinovirus-2 (HRV-2) | Cold and respiratory tract infection in human | Rossmann et al. (1985) | |
| Hepatitis A virus (HAV) | Infectious disease of the liver in human | Matheny & Kingery (2012) | |
| Measles virus (MeV); Newcastle disease virus (NDV); Parainfluenza virus-3 (PIV- 3) | Paramyxoviridae | Cold and respiratory tract illness in human | Enders (1996) |
| Vaccinia virus (VV) | Poxvirus | Skin infection, fever and common cold | Silva et al. (2010) |
| Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) | Rhabdoviridae | Foot and mouth disease in animals and flu-like illness in human | Ludwig & Hengel (2009) |
| Human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1); Reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV) | Retroviridae | Causes immunosuppression in human (HIV) and poultry (REV) | (Wang et al., 2017; Palefsky & Holly, 2003; ) |
| Porcine Rotavirus (PRV); Rotavirus SA-11 (RV-SA-11) | Reoviridae | Gastrointestinal infection and diarrhoea in human and animal | (Crawford et al., 2017; Vlasova et al., 2017) |
| Potato Virus Y (PVY) | Potyviridae | Virus infecting potato | Kreuze et al. (2020) |
| Spotted wilt virus (SWV) | Bunyaviridae | Virus infecting Tomato | Abad et al. (2005) |
| Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 2 (GLRaV-2) | Closteroviridae | Virus infecting grapevine | Alkowni et al. (2011) |