Table 1.
Characteristics of the 874 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus enrolled in the study according to presence/absence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and randomization to training set and validation set
| Items | Total patient cohort (n = 874) | Patients with T2DM with NAFLD (n = 415) | Patients with T2DM without NAFLD (n = 459) | Training set (n = 658) | Validation set (n = 216) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 64.32 ± 5.92 | 63.65 ± 5.80 | 64.92 ± 5.98 | 64.17 ± 5.94 | 64.76 ± 5.86 | 0.001 |
| Sex, n (%) | ||||||
| Male | 394 (45.1%) | 158 (38.1%) | 236 (51.4%) | 300 (45.6%) | 94 (43.5%) | 0.326 |
| Female | 480 (54.9%) | 257 (61.9%) | 223 (48.6%) | 358 (54.4%) | 122 (56.5%) | 0.000 |
| Diabetic retinopathy, n (%) | 150 (17.2%) | 76 (18.3%) | 74 (16.1%) | 118 (17.9%) | 32 (14.8%) | 0.391 |
| Diabetic nephropathy, n (%) | 313 (35.8%) | 171 (41.2%) | 142 (30.9%) | 238 (36.2%) | 75 (34.7%) | 0.002 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 355 (40.6%) | 114 (27.5%) | 241 (52.5%) | 388 (59.0%) | 131 (60.6%) | 0.000 |
| Course of disease (years) | 9.28 ± 6.31 | 8.36 ± 6.05 | 10.11 ± 6.42 | 9.02 ± 6.16 | 10.08 ± 6.68 | 0.000 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.26 ± 3.47 | 26.87 ± 3.30 | 23.81 ± 2.94 | 25.28 ± 3.48 | 25.21 ± 3.44 | 0.000 |
| Waistline (cm) | 87.24 ± 9.09 | 90.86 ± 8.58 | 83.96 ± 8.27 | 87.34 ± 9.15 | 86.94 ± 8.92 | 0.000 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 144.95 ± 20.05 | 147.56 ± 19.98 | 142.60 ± 19.85 | 144.4 ± 19.47 | 146.66 ± 21.69 | 0.000 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 80.26 ± 10.46 | 82.44 ± 10.42 | 78.29 ± 10.11 | 79.9 ± 10.32 | 81.37 ± 10.82 | 0.000 |
| FBG (mmol/L) | 7.77 ± 2.52 | 7.80 ± 2.35 | 7.75 ± 2.66 | 7.72 ± 2.42 | 7.94 ± 2.78 | 0.771 |
| PBG (mmol/L) | 12.32 ± 4.74 | 12.09 ± 4.49 | 12.53 ± 4.94 | 12.21 ± 4.55 | 12.68 ± 5.27 | 0.166 |
| HbA1c (%) | 7.15 ± 1.39 | 7.20 ± 1.33 | 7.10 ± 1.44 | 7.14 ± 1.37 | 7.17 ± 1.46 | 0.311 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 4.98 ± 1.11 | 5.07 ± 1.19 | 4.90 ± 1.02 | 4.98 ± 1.13 | 5.00 ± 1.05 | 0.030 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 1.92 ± 1.10 | 2.32 ± 1.26 | 1.55 ± 0.76 | 1.90 ± 1.11 | 1.97 ± 1.07 | 0.000 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.62 ± 0.47 | 1.66 ± 0.50 | 1.59 ± 0.43 | 1.62 ± 0.48 | 1.64 ± 0.44 | 0.014 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.60 ± 0.39 | 1.50 ± 0.33 | 1.69 ± 0.42 | 1.59 ± 0.39 | 1.62 ± 0.39 | 0.000 |
| BUN (mmol/L) | 5.55 ± 1.52 | 5.50 ± 1.51 | 5.60 ± 1.53 | 5.47 ± 1.50 | 5.80 ± 1.557 | 0.371 |
| SCR (μmoI/L) | 65.25 ± 18.36 | 64.53 ± 19.13 | 65.91 ± 17.62 | 65.51 ± 18.98 | 64.47 ± 16.337 | 0.269 |
| SUA (μmol/L) | 309.66 ± 79.31 | 328.51 ± 82.31 | 292.62 ± 72.47 | 307.88 ± 79.96 | 315.07 ± 77.22 | 0.000 |
| UCR (μmoI/L) | 9.02 ± 4.13 | 8.99 ± 4.10 | 9.04 ± 4.16 | 9.13 ± 4.15 | 8.65 ± 4.05 | 0.880 |
| UMA (mg/mmol) | 49.1 ± 72.92 | 57.29 ± 78.57 | 41.69 ± 66.62 | 48.39 ± 71.61 | 51.25 ± 76.89 | 0.002 |
| ACR | 55.81 ± 102.87 | 68.78 ± 122.88 | 44.08 ± 78.96 | 55.52 ± 103.25 | 56.69 ± 101.96 | 0.001 |
Values in table are presented as the mean with the standard deviation in parenthesis, unless indicated otherwise
BMI Body mass index, SBP/DBP systolic/diastolic blood pressure, FBG fasting blood glucose, PBG postprandial blood glucose, HbA1c hemoglobin A1c, TC total cholesterol, TG triglyceride, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, BUN blood urea nitrogen, SCR serum creatinine, SUA serum uric acid, UCR urinary creatinine, UMA urine microalbumin, ACR urine albumin:creatinine ratio