Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients
| Patient characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Age (year) | 67.6 ± 5.2 |
| Sex (male) | 35 (47.3%) |
| Diabetes duration (months) | 11.9 ± 7.8 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.1 ± 3.8 |
| HbA1c (%) | 7.7 ± 1.3 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 139.7 ± 16.7 |
| Smoking | 14 (18.9%) |
| Hypertension | 53 (71.6%) |
| DKD | 6 (8.1%) |
| Retinopathy | 5 (6.8%) |
| Neuropathy | 13 (17.6%) |
| Carotid plaque | 24 (32.4%) |
| Family history of diabetes | 42 (56.8%) |
| Insulin use | 52 (70.3%) |
| Sulfonylurea use | 28 (37.8%) |
| Metformin use | 30 (40.5%) |
| α-Glucosidase use | 35 (47.3%) |
| Thiazolidinedione use | 4 (5.4%) |
| DPP-4 inhibitor use | 3 (4.05%) |
| Glinide use | 5 (6.76%) |
Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation (SD), or as a number with the percentage in parenthesis
BMI Body mass index; DKD diabetic kidney disease; DPP-4 dipeptidyl peptidase-4, HbA1c glycated hemoglobin