TABLE 3.
Associations between psychological stress symptoms, demographic data, and perceptions of COVID-19.
| Variables | Preventable and curable group | Preventable and incurable group | Unpreventable and curable group | Unpreventable and incurable group | Fa | Fb |
| Gender | ||||||
| Male | 7.33 ± 4.11 | 8.11 ± 4.81 | 7.93 ± 4.82 | 8.07 ± 4.46 | 10.958 (3,304159)*** | 199.812 (3,304159)*** |
| Female | 6.93 ± 3.77 | 7.86 ± 4.26 | 7.76 ± 4.33 | 8.74 ± 5.00 | ||
| Grade | ||||||
| Fresher | 7.07 ± 3.91 | 7.67 ± 4.27 | 7.56 ± 4.41 | 8.23 ± 5.38 | 5.498 (9,304151)*** | 206.412 (3,304151)*** |
| Sophomore | 7.13 ± 3.92 | 8.05 ± 4.62 | 7.95 ± 4.51 | 8.29 ± 5.10 | ||
| Junior | 7.08 ± 3.92 | 8.11 ± 4.59 | 7.88 ± 4.57 | 8.41 ± 5.36 | ||
| Senior (4th and 5th) | 7.02 ± 3.88 | 8.48 ± 4.71 | 8.31 ± 4.79 | 9.01 ± 5.26 | ||
| Severe physical illness | ||||||
| Yes | 7.66 ± 4.41 | 10.28 ± 5.17 | 8.48 ± 5.14 | 9.30 ± 7.12 | 8.642 (3,304159)*** | 17.047 (1,304159)*** |
| No | 7.09 ± 3.91 | 7.96 ± 4.50 | 7.82 ± 4.52 | 8.35 ± 5.24 | ||
| History of mental illness | ||||||
| Yes | 7.08 ± 4.39 | 8.10 ± 5.14 | 8.09 ± 5.01 | 11.71 ± 7.25 | 1.641 (3,304159) | 11.639 (3,304159)*** |
| No | 7.09 ± 3.91 | 7.96 ± 4.50 | 7.82 ± 4.51 | 8.28 ± 5.19 | ||
| Infection of friends | ||||||
| ① Diagnosed or suspected infection | 8.37 ± 4.29 | 9.63 ± 6.35 | 9.52 ± 5.53 | 9.42 ± 6.25 | 0.393 (6,304155) | 31.361 (3,304155)*** |
| ② No one is infected | 6.97 ± 3.87 | 7.78 ± 4.37 | 7.63 ± 4.41 | 8.11 ± 4.98 | ||
| ③ Not sure | 7.30 ± 3.98 | 8.17 ± 4.59 | 8.00 ± 4.60 | 8.46 ± 5.38 | ||
| Infection of relative (non co-resident) | ||||||
| ① Diagnosed or suspected infection | 7.87 ± 4.34 | 8.57 ± 5.46 | 8.32 ± 5.41 | 9.22 ± 5.07 | 0.067 (6,304155) | 11.347 (3,304155)*** |
| ② No one is infected | 7.04 ± 3.88 | 7.87 ± 4.40 | 7.72 ± 4.38 | 8.15 ± 4.99 | ||
| ③ Not sure | 7.62 ± 4.23 | 8.50 ± 4.99 | 8.32 ± 5.06 | 8.76 ± 5.81 | ||
| Infection of family (co-resident) | ||||||
| ① Diagnosed or suspected infection | 7.67 ± 4.23 | 8.86 ± 4.87 | 5.07 ± 4.88 | 9.67 ± 5.30 | 3.278 (6,304155)** | 6.375 (3,304155)*** |
| ② No one is infected | 7.06 ± 3.89 | 7.92 ± 4.46 | 7.75 ± 4.12 | 8.27 ± 5.09 | ||
| ③ Not sure | 8.06 ± 4.62 | 8.57 ± 5.17 | 8.68 ± 5.45 | 8.62 ± 5.91 | ||
| Taking precautions | ||||||
| Yes | 7.09 ± 3.91 | 7.94 ± 4.46 | 7.87 ± 4.45 | 8.44 ± 4.92 | 2.977 (3,304159)* | 91.003 (3,304159)*** |
| No | 7.14 ± 4.16 | 8.30 ± 5.11 | 7.62 ± 4.83 | 8.24 ± 5.78 | ||
| Family location | ||||||
| Rural areas | 7.24 ± 0.01 | 8.05 ± 0.08 | 7.86 ± 0.08 | 8.18 ± 0.17 | 3.350 (6,304155)** | 218.975 (3,304155)*** |
| County town | 7.03 ± 0.01 | 7.85 ± 0.10 | 7.74 ± 0.09 | 8.30 ± 0.18 | ||
| City | 6.94 ± 0.01 | 7.98 ± 0.10 | 7.86 ± 0.08 | 8.63 ± 0.18 | ||
| Family member (co-resident) | ||||||
| 1–2 people | 6.96 ± 0.04 | 7.491 ± 0.24 | 7.91 ± 0.22 | 8.35 ± 0.43 | 1.297 (9,304151) | 116.433 (3,304151)*** |
| 3 people | 6.93 ± 0.02 | 8.02 ± 0.13 | 7.86 ± 0.11 | 8.26 ± 0.23 | ||
| 4 people | 7.05 ± 0.01 | 7.93 ± 0.09 | 7.73 ± 0.08 | 8.38 ± 0.18 | ||
| 5 people and above | 7.20 ± 0.01 | 8.02 ± 0.08 | 7.87 ± 0.07 | 8.40 ± 0.16 | ||
| Daily time spend on reading information about COVID-19 | ||||||
| ≤1 h | 6.63 ± 0.01 | 7.45 ± 0.07 | 7.22 ± 0.06 | 7.69 ± 0.13 | 9.789 (6,304155)*** | 217.875 (3,304155)*** |
| 1–3 h | 7.48 ± 0.01 | 8.50 ± 0.09 | 8.40 ± 0.08 | 8.71 ± 0.21 | ||
| ≥3 h | 7.93 ± 0.02 | 9.00 ± 0.16 | 9.24 ± 0.14 | 10.52 ± 0.26 |
*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001. aInteraction test. bMain effect text.