TABLE 1.

Commonly used surfactants in HIPEs of various polymer systems.

Emulsion type	Emulsifier	HLB/type	Polymer	References
w/o	Polyglycerol polyricinoleate (PGPR)	∼3 (Surh et al., 2007) Nonionic	1,6-Diisocyanatohexane and Polycaprolactone triol	David and Silverstein, 2009
			Propylene fumarate dimethacrylate	Moglia et al., 2011, 2014c; Robinson et al., 2014
	Sorbitan monooleate (Span 80)	4.3 (Kassem et al., 2019) Nonionic	Propylene fumarate (diacrylate)	Christenson et al., 2007
			Styrene/divinylbenzene	Akay et al., 2004; Hayman et al., 2005
			2-Ethylhexyl acrylate (EHA) and isobornyl acrylate (IBOA)	Pierre et al., 2006
	Hypermer 246	5–6 (Audouin and Heise, 2014) Nonionic	2-Ethylhexyl acrylate (EHA) and isobornyl acrylate (IBOA)	Johnson et al., 2013; Malayeri et al., 2016; Owen et al., 2016; Wang et al., 2016
			Thiolene	Lovelady et al., 2011; Richardson et al., 2019
			Polycaprolactone tetramethacrylate	Aldemir Dikici et al., 2019a,b
	Brij-58	15.7 (Thakare et al., 2017) Nonionic	Polycaprolactone	Samanta et al., 2016a
	Pluronic L121	1 (Amiji, 2004) Nonionic	Tetrakis-3-mercaptopropionate and divinyladipate	Naranda et al., 2016
	Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)	10 (Prakash, 2010) Cationic	Styrene/divinylbenzene	Zhang and Chen, 2007
o/w	Triton X-405	17.9 (Slinde and Flatmark, 1976) Nonionic	Alginate methacrylate	Barbetta et al., 2009; Zhou et al., 2013
			Dextran Dextran-b-PolyNIPAAm (Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide))	Zhou et al., 2012b
			Gelatin methacrylate	Barbetta et al., 2005a,b
			Pullulan methacrylate	Barbetta et al., 2005a
			Dextran methacrylate	Barbetta et al., 2005a
			Alginate	Barbetta et al., 2009
			Acrylic acid	Krajnc et al., 2005