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. 2020 May 22;123(4):556–567. doi: 10.1038/s41416-020-0890-y

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — Efficacy of the ODC and corresponding monotherapies over a period of 70 days after chronic (a) or discontinued (b) treatment with 1 µM sunitinib. c Decreased efficacy of the ODC by reducing the dose to a final concentration of 75% or 50%, or by removing one drug (selumetinib). d Cell metabolic activity inhibition after prolonged incubation of A498-ST cells (72, 144 and 216 h) with the ODC and corresponding monotherapies, as well as sunitinib used as positive control. e Cross-validation of the optimised drug combination established for A498-ST in other RCC and non-cancerous cell lines. Error bars represent the standard deviation (cell metabolic activity measurements, N = 2–3). Significances of *p < 0.01 and **p < 0.005 define the difference of the ODC treatment to the Ctrl and corresponding monotherapies determined with one-way or two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test.