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. 2020 Jul 31;25(15):3518. doi: 10.3390/molecules25153518

Table 1.

List of studies which used various clean-up sorbents to remove lipids from the samples with high fat contents.

Samples/
Weight		 Analytes QuEChERS1 Packet/Solvent Clean-Up (Sample Amount) Instrument Reference
Peanut oil/5 g 9 OP2 0.50 g Na2SO4/10 mL MeCN3 100 mg MWCNTs10/1 g neutral alumina GC–MS16 [18]
Palm oil/3 g 7 pesticides Original4
7 g DW5 + 10 mL MeCN		 d-SPE11 (15 mL)
750 mg MgSO4 + 250 mg PSA12 + 250 mg C18 + 250 mg GCB13 		LC–TOF–MS17 [24]
Honeybee/1 g 19 pesticides Original
10 mL DW + 10 mL MeCN + 3 mL n-hexane		 d-SPE (1 mL)
150 mg MgSO4 + 25 mg PSA		 LC–MS/MS18 [23]
Cereals/5 g 200 pesticides (1) AOAC6 / (2) EN7
10 mL DW + 15 mL MeCN (1% AA8)		 d-SPE (8 mL/6 mL)
(1) 1200 mg MgSO4 + 400 mg PSA + 400 mg C18
(2) 900 mg MgSO4 + 150 mg PSA + 150 mg C18		 GC–MS/MS19 [16]
Olive oil/0.5 g 138 pesticides AOAC
5 mL DW + 30 mL MeCN (1% AA)		 d-SPE (2 mL)
150 mg MgSO4 + 50 mg PSA + 50 mg C18		 GC–MS/MSLC–MS/MS [25]
Edible vegetable
oils/0.5, 1, 2, 5 g		 255 pesticides 4 g NaCl
5 mL DW + 10 mL MeCN		 d-SPE (6.5 mL)
(1) 150 mg PSA + 150 mg C18
(2) 250 mg PSA + 250 mg C18
(3) 250 mg PSA + 250 mg C18 + 15 mg GCB
(4) 250 mg PSA + 250 mg C18 + 50 mg GCB
(5) EMR-lipid14 		GC–MS/MS [20]
Salmon, shrimps,
mussels, cutlet,
bacon/5 g		 4 PAHs9 EN
5 mL DW + 10 mL MeCN		 d-SPE (6.5 mL)
(1) 900 mg MgSO4 + 150 mg PSA + 150 mg C18,
(2) Z-Sep15
(3) EMR-lipid		 GC–MS/MS [22]

1 QuEChERS—quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe; 2 OP—organophosphorus pesticides 3 MeCN—acetonitrile; 4 original—4 g of MgSO4 and 1 g of NaCl; 5 DW—deionized water; 6 AOAC—6 g MgSO4, 1.5 g sodium acetate; 7 EN—4 g MgSO4, 1 g NaCl, 1 g sodium citrate and 0.5 g disodium citrate sesquihydrate; 8 AA—acetic acid; 9 PAHs—polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; 10 MWCNTs—multi-walled carbon nanotubes; 11 d-SPE—dispersive solid phase extraction; 12 PSA—primary secondary amine; 13 GCB—graphitized carbon black; 14 EMR-lipid—enhanced matrix removal-lipid; 15 Z-Sep—zirconia; 16 GC–MS—gas chromatography mass spectrometry; 17 LC–TOF–MS—liquid chromatography time of flight mass spectrometry; 18 LC–MS/MS—liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry; 19 GC–MS/MS—gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.