Table 3.

Guiding questions to raise during the analysis based on the interrelations within the activity system during the analysis (adapted from [104,121,122]).

Components of the Activity System	Questions to Ask During the Analysis
Actors (subjects) and mediating artifacts/tools	What mediating artifact(s) and tools does the user handle in order to achieve his/her objective(s) and how?
Tools and objects	What is the access to the mediating artifact and tools necessary to perform the activity? How is the spatial and temporal layout of the current workstation and the components to be assembled with a collaborative robot at the assembly line?
Mediating artifact/tools and community	How do the mediating artifact and other tools that are used affect the way the community achieves its objectives?
Rules and actors (subjects)	What rules, norms and regulations affect the way the activity is carried out and how? Do any potential conflicts exist between rules, norms, and practices and the user’s goals?
Rules and community	What kind of rules affect the way the community satisfies their objective and goals? It could be human factors and environmental issues like working hours allotted to work during nightshifts and energy consumption
Actors (subjects), mediating artifacts/tools and activity (hierarchal structure of activity)	How and when are the mediating artifact and tools handled by the users in order to achieve the activity? How are various mediating artifacts and tools integrated and used? Do any workarounds exist?