| ACTH | adrenocorticotropic hormone |
| α-MSH | alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone |
| bHLH-LZ | basic-helix-loop-helix-leucine-zipper |
| BSA | Bovine serum albumin |
| DHI | Dihydroxyindole |
| DHICA | Dihydroxyindole carboxylic acid |
| DMEM | Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium |
| DMSO | Dimethyl sulfoxide |
| EDTA | Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid |
| FBS | Foetal bovine serum |
| FLA | (E)-1-(2′-Hydroxy-4′,6′-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(4-methoxyphenylprop-2-en-1-one |
| FLB | (E)-1-(2′-Hydroxy-4′,6′-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-one |
| GAPDH | Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase |
| IBMX | 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine |
| l-DOPA | l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine |
| Mitf | Microphthalmia associated transcription factor |
| MTT | 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide |
| NMR | Nuclear magnetic resonance |
| PTU | Phenylthiourea |
| qPCR | Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction |
| Trp-1 | Tyrosinase related protein-1 |
| Trp-2 | Tyrosinase related protein-2 |
| Tyr | Tyrosinase |
| UVR | Ultraviolet radiation |